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    Exam Review

    1. . The resistance stage in the general adaptation syndrome (stress response) is dominated by
      A)
      aldosterone
      B)
      norepinephrine
      C)
      angiotensin
      D)
      epinephrine
    2. The posterior pituitary secretes.
      A)
      prolactin (PRL)
      B)
      thyroid hormone (TH)
      C)
      adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
      D)
      growth hormone (GH)
      E)
      oxytocin (OT)
    3. Similar to neurotransmitters, hormones exert their action only on cells that have specific ▾ receptors that the hormones bind to
      Dropdown 1:
      Option 1: gated channels
      Option 2: receptors
      Option 3: enzymes
      Option 4: cofactors
      Option 5: metabolic pathways
    4. The nervous system reacts to stimuli ▾ Quickly compared to the endocrine system, adapts ▾ Quickly compared to the endocrine system, and has ▾ Specific effects compared to the endocrine system.
      Dropdown 1:
      Option 1: Slowly
      Option 2: Quickly
      Dropdown 2:
      Option 1: Slowly
      Option 2: Quickly
      Dropdown 3:
      Option 1: Widespread
      Option 2: Specific
    Page 1 of 11

    Exam Review

    1. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) targets the ▾ kidneys
      Dropdown 1:
      Option 1: kidneys
      Option 2: pancreas
      Option 3: hypothalamus
      Option 4: anterior pituitary
      Option 5: adrenal gland
    2. Which of the following is not an endocrine organ?
      A)
      Spleen
      B)
      Pineal gland
      C)
      Neurohypophysis
      D)
      Thymus
      E)
      Testis
    3. The hormone called ▾ melatonin plays an important role in synchronizing physiological function with the cycle of daylight and darkness
      Dropdown 1:
      Option 1: melatonin
      Option 2: hepcidin
      Option 3: Inhibin
      Option 4: calcitonin
      Option 5: melanin
    4. Target organs most often regulate the pituitary gland via ▾ negative feedback inhibition
      Dropdown 1:
      Option 1: antagonistic regulation
      Option 2: down-regulation
      Option 3: positive feedback inhibition
      Option 4: up-regulation
      Option 5: negative feedback inhibition
    Page 2 of 11

    Exam Review

    1. The ▾ parathyroid glands    secrete(s) a hormone as a response to hypocalcemia.
      Dropdown 1:
      Option 1: thymus
      Option 2: thyroid gland
      Option 3: pituitary gland
      Option 4: parathyroid glands
      Option 5: pineal gland
    2. The ▾ adrenal cortex secrete(s) ▾ aldosterone which promotes Na" and water retention
      Dropdown 1:
      Option 1: adrenal medulla
      Option 2: pancreas
      Option 3: kidneys
      Option 4: adrenal cortex
      Option 5: thyroid
      Dropdown 2:
      Option 1: epinephrine
      Option 2: cortisol
      Option 3: corticosterone
      Option 4: aldosterone
      Option 5: calcitonin
    3. The dropdown secretes a hormone that increases the body's metabolic rate promotes alertness, quickens reflexes, and stimulates the fetal nervous system.
    4. An individual has type B, Rh-positive blood. The individual has dropdown antigen(s) and can produce anti- dropdown antibodies.
    Page 3 of 11

    Exam Review

    1. Which of the following is true regarding endocrine glands?
      A)
      They have an unusually low density of blood capillaries.
      B)
      They secrete their products by way of ducts.
      C)
      Their secretions may be released onto the body surface.
      D)
      They release their secretions into the blood.
      E)
      They secrete substances that do not alter the metabolism of their target cells, but extracellular effects
    2. What makes a cell responsive to a particular hormone?
      A)
      The chemical properties of the hormone
      B)
      The location of the gland that secretes the hormone
      C)
      The location of the target cells in the body
      D)
      The site where the hormone is secreted
    3. The resistance stage in the general adaptation syndrome (stress response) is dominated by.
      A)
      cortisol
      B)
      aldosterone
      C)
      epinephrine
      D)
      angiotensin
      E)
      norepinephrine
    4. The posterior pituitary releases:
      A)
      growth hormone (GH)
      B)
      corticotropic hormone (ACTH)
      C)
      prolactin (PRL)
      D)
      thyroid hormone (TH)
      E)
      oxytocin (OT)
    Page 4 of 11

    Exam Review

    1. Which of the following best describes a hormone?
      A)
      A chemical messenger that is triggered by the binding of a ligand on the cell surface and causes a change in DNA transcription
      B)
      A chemical messenger transported by the bloodstream that stimulates target cells in another organ often a good distance away
      C)
      Chemical messengers that travel across a synapse to stimulate another cell.
      D)
      Chemical messengers that diffuse from their point of origin locally to affect other cells physiology
    2. What is the function of antidiuretic hormone?
      A)
      It acts on the hypothalamus to decrease appetite.
      B)
      It causes the release of hormones from the adrenal cortex.
      C)
      It causes smooth muscle contraction in the female reproductive tract.
      D)
      It causes vasodilation.
      E)
      It increases water retention from renal tubules.
    3. Serum is essentially identical to plasma except for the absence of
      A)
      platelets
      B)
      fibrinogen
      C)
      glucose
      D)
      albumin
      E)
      nitrogenous wastes
    4. Correction of hypoxemia is regulated by
      A)
      a positive feedback loop
      B)
      an enzymatic amplification
      C)
      a negative feedback loop
      D)
      a self-amplifying mechanism
      E)
      a cascade effect
    Page 5 of 11

    Exam Review

    1. . Correctly label the parts of centrifuged blood. A. dropdown B. dropdown C. dropdown
    2. Most oxygen is transported in the blood bound to
      A)
      alpha chains in hemoglobin
      B)
      delta chains in hemoglobin
      C)
      beta chains in hemoglobin
      D)
      heme groups in hemoglobin
      E)
      the plasma membrane of erythrocytes
    3. This figure shows the correction of hypoxemia by a negative feedback loop. What should go in the box labeled 1?
      A)
      Decreased osteoclast activity
      B)
      Increased osteoblast activity
      C)
      Secretion of erythropoietin
      D)
      Secretion of gastroferritin
    4. Where do most RBCs die?
      A)
      Stomach and small intestine
      B)
      Lymph nodes and thymus
      C)
      Red bone marrow
      D)
      Stomach and liver
      E)
      Spleen and liver
    Page 6 of 11