NursGuru

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is preparing a client for transfer to the ICU for placement of a pulmonary artery catheter. The nurse should explain to the client that this catheter is used to monitor which of the following conditions?
      A)
      Spinal cord perfusion
      B)
      Hemodynamic status
      C)
      Intracranial pressure
      D)
      Renal function
    2. The nurse is monitoring a client in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) following a coronary artery bypass graft, observing a regular ventricular rate of 82 beats/min and "sawtooth" P waves with an atrial rate of approximately 300 beat/min. How does the nurse interpret this rhythm?
      A)
      Ventricular tachycardia
      B)
      Atrial flutter
      C)
      Atrial fibrillation
      D)
      Ventricular fibrillation
    3. A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing hypovolemic shock. Which of the following blood products should the nurse anticipate administering to this client?
      A)
      Platelets
      B)
      Albumin
      C)
      Cryoprecipitates
      D)
      Packed RBCS
    4. The nurse is caring for a client who suddenly develops bradycardia. The client is breathing but with a decreased level of consciousness and decreased blood pressure. Which of the following treatments would be done by the nurse first?
      A)
      Application of a transcutaneous pacemaker
      B)
      Administer atropine IV
      C)
      Begin CPR
      D)
      Initiate cardioversion

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is assessing a client who has infective endocarditis. Which of the following findings should be the priority for the nurse to report to the provider?
      A)
      Splinter hemorrhages to the nails
      B)
      Fever
      C)
      Clusters of petechiae in the mouth
      D)
      Dyspnea
    2. The nurse caring for a client who is scheduled for a balloon valvuloplasty recalls that balloon valvuloplasty is most commonly used for which valvular heart disease?
      A)
      Mitral valve prolapse
      B)
      Aortic regurgitation
      C)
      Mitral regurgitation
      D)
      Mitral stenosis
    3. What are the pathophysiologic changes that place a client who has suffered a myocardial infarction at risk for cardiogenic shock?
      A)
      Decreased cardiac output and increased MAP
      B)
      Decreased cardiac output and decreased MAP
      C)
      Increased cardiac output and increased afterload
      D)
      Increased cardiac output and increased MAP
    4. A client comes to the emergency department with complaints of chest pain after using cocaine. The nurse assesses the client and obtains vital signs with results as follows: blood pressure 140/92, heart rate 128, respiratory rate 26, and an oxygen saturation of 98%. What rhythm on the monitor does the nurse anticipate viewing?
      A)
      Sinus bradycardia
      B)
      Ventricular tachycardia
      C)
      Normal sinus rhythm
      D)
      Sinus tachycardia

    Exam Review

    1. A 57-year-old-client is being admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with a diagnosis of possible septic shock He has a normal blood pressure, increased heart rate, decreased bowel sounds, and their skin is cold and clammy. The ICU nurse suspects the client:
      A)
      Will stabilize and be released by tomorrow
      B)
      Is in the irreversible stage of shock
      C)
      Is in the progressive stage of shock
      D)
      Is in the compensatory stage of shock
    2. A client is receiving an initial dose of penicillin IV. During the infusion, the client becomes short of breath. What is the first thing the nurse should do?
      A)
      Increase the head of the bed.
      B)
      Place the patient in a recovery position.
      C)
      Stop the infusion of the medication.
      D)
      Slow down the infusion of the medication.
    3. After receiving report on the following clients, which client should the nurse assess first?
      A)
      Client with infective endocarditis who has a murmur and splinter hemorrhages
      B)
      Client with rheumatic fever who has sharp chest pain with a deep breath
      C)
      Client with dilated cardiomyopathy who has bilateral crackles at the lung bases
      D)
      Client with acute aortic regurgitation whose blood pressure is 86/54 mm Hg
    4. A nurse assessing a client determines they are in the compensatory stage of shock. Which of the following findings support this conclusion?
      A)
      Blood pressure 84/50 mm Hg
      B)
      Petechiae
      C)
      Confusion
      D)
      Anuria

    Exam Review

    1. The nurse is caring for a client experiencing dyspnea, dependent edema, hepatomegaly, crackles, and jugular vein distention. What condition should the nurse suspect?
      A)
      Heart failure
      B)
      Pulmonary embolism
      C)
      Tension pneumothorax
      D)
      Cardiac tamponade
    2. A client with aortic regurgitation is being transferred from the critical care unit to the step-down unit. The nurse receiving the patient in the step-down unit is aware that aortic regurgitation causes:
      A)
      Blood to flow back from the left atrium to the left ventricle
      B)
      Blood to flow back from the aorta to the left ventricle
      C)
      Obstruction of blood from the left atrium to the left ventricle
      D)
      Obstruction of blood flow from the left ventricle
    3. A nurse is caring for a client on a cardiac monitor and whose rhythm suddenly changes. There are no P waves; instead she observes wavy lines. The QRS complexes measure 0.08 second and are irregular. The client's heart rate is 120 beats/minute. The nurse interprets that this rhythm is:
      A)
      Ventricular tachycardia
      B)
      Sinus tachycardia
      C)
      Ventricular fibrillation
      D)
      Atrial fibrillation
    4. A nurse is caring for a client who has hypovolemic shock. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as an expected finding?
      A)
      Oliguria
      B)
      Hypertension
      C)
      Bradypnea
      D)
      Flushing of the skin

    Exam Review

    1. A client admitted with heart failure is able to initiate brushing their teeth and combing their hair but unable to finish these activities or wash their body due to dyspnea and fatigue. Upon ambulation to the bathroom, the patient also experiences dyspnea, fatigue, and chest pain. Based upon this information, what New York Heart Association Classification will be assigned to this client?
      A)
      I
      B)
      II
      C)
      IV
      D)
      III
    2. A nurse providing postoperative teaching to a client who has received a valve replacement discusses the importance of antibiotic prophylaxis prior to any dental or surgical procedure. The nurse understands that antibiotic prophylaxis prevents which of the following in these clients?
      A)
      Sepsis
      B)
      Otitis media
      C)
      Deep vein thrombosis
      D)
      Bacterial endocarditis
    3. A nurse is assessing a client who has right ventricular failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
      A)
      Hepatomegaly
      B)
      Dry, hacking cough
      C)
      Crackles in the lungs
      D)
      Dizziness
    4. An client being assessed in the emergency room is anxious about their health status. The ECG rhythm strip shows a heart rate of 120 beats/min. Characteristics of a sinus tachycardia rhythm are
      A)
      Atrial rhythm regular, ventricular rhythm irregular
      B)
      P:QRS ratio of 1:1
      C)
      P:QRS ratio of 2:1
      D)
      Ventricular and atrial rhythm are irregular

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is evaluating the central venous pressure (CVP) of a client who has sustained multiple traumas. Which of the following interpretations of a low CVP pressure should the nurse make?
      A)
      Fluid Overload
      B)
      Left ventricular failure
      C)
      Hypovolemia
      D)
      Intracardiac shunt
    2. A nurse is providing discharge instructions for a client who has congestive heart failure. Which of the following client statements indicates to the nurse that the teaching was effective?
      A)
      "I will take my diuretic before sleep and drink fluids during the day."
      B)
      "I will read food labels and limit my sodium to 4 grams per day."
      C)
      "I should use naproxen to manage discomfort."
      D)
      "I plan to slow down if I am tired the day after exercising."
    3. A client being admitted to the cardiac care unit complains of dyspnea on exertion and fatigue. His ECG demonstrates dysrhythmias associated with left ventricular hypertrophy. Which of the following diagnostic tools would be the most helpful in diagnosing cardiomyopathy?
      A)
      Echocardiogram
      B)
      Arterial blood gases
      C)
      Swan-Ganz analysis
      D)
      Cardiac catheterization
    4. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of Class I heart failure. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
      A)
      Take diuretics early in the morning and before bedtime.
      B)
      Notify the provider of a weight gain of 0.5 kg (1 lb) in a week.
      C)
      Exercise at least three times per week.
      D)
      Take naproxen for generalized discomfort.