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    Exam Review

    1. A patient who will begin oxygen therapy has a history of sinus disorders. This patient would benefit most from which oxygen setup?
      A)
      A venturi mask
      B)
      A nasal cannula
      C)
      High-flow oxygen via nasal cannula
      D)
      Adding humidification to the oxygen setup.
    2. The nurse employed in an emergency department is monitoring a child diagnosed with epiglottitis. The nurse notes that the child is leaning forward with the chin thrust out. How should the nurse interpret this finding?
      A)
      A possible airway obstruction
      B)
      The presence of pain
      C)
      Extreme fatigue
      D)
      Dehydration
    3. When administering oxygen to clients with conditions such as emphysema, it is important for the nurse to remember that for these clients the
      A)
      drive to breathe may be dependent on low levels of oxygen in the blood
      B)
      respiratory rate may be increased a great part of the time
      C)
      lung stretch receptors may fail to monitor the patterns of breathing
      D)
      intercostal muscles contract during inspiration, but fail to relax during expiration
    4. A patient has questions regarding a recently prescribed antitussive agent. Which response by the nurse is the best?
      A)
      "It will reduce the frequency of your cough."
      B)
      "It should be used in the morning."
      C)
      "It should be taken before sleep."
      D)
      "It will eliminate your cough at night."
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    Exam Review

    1. Which statement is most important for the nurse to make when caring for an anxious patient with a new tracheostomy?
      A)
      "I have cared for patients who were able to have the tracheostomy reversed."
      B)
      “I understand that you might be apprehensive."
      C)
      “I will be efficient and give care quickly."
      D)
      "I will wait until your tracheostomy heals before teaching."
    2. The nurse is planning care for an 81-year-old unresponsive client admitted to the hospital with a medical diagnosis of pneumonia. The nurse has identified the problem of inability to clear the airway related to retained secretions. Which intervention is most appropriate?
      A)
      Initiate and maintain supplemental oxygen as prescribed.
      B)
      Plan activities with rest periods to conserve oxygen needs.
      C)
      Provide nasotracheal suctioning as needed to remove secretions.
      D)
      Monitor oxygenation (the oxygen saturation [SaO2]) during activity.
    3. The nurse performs an admission assessment on a client with a diagnosis of tuberculosis. The nurse should check the results of which diagnostic test that will confirm this diagnosis?
      A)
      Sputum culture for AFB
      B)
      Chest x-ray
      C)
      Mantoux test
      D)
      Pulmonary function test
    4. A nurse is reinforcing client instructions on the use of an incentive spirometer. Which of the following statements made by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
      A)
      “I will rest my hand over my abdomen to create resistance."
      B)
      “I will lie on my back with my knees bent."
      C)
      “I will place the adapter on my finger to read my blood oxygen saturation level."
      D)
      "I will take in a deep breath and hold it before exhaling."
    Page 2 of 19

    Exam Review

    1. The client is admitted to the emergency department with chest trauma. What signs/symptoms indicate to the nurse the diagnosis of pneumothorax?
      A)
      Barrel chest and polycythemia
      B)
      Bronchovesicular lung sounds and bradypnea
      C)
      Unequal lung expansion and dyspnea
      D)
      Frothy bloody sputum and consolidation
    2. A nurse assesses a client who has a chest tube. For which manifestations should the nurse immediately intervene? (Select 2 manifestations that apply.)
      (SATA)
      A)
      Pain at the insertion site
      B)
      Tracheal deviation
      C)
      Drainage of 75 mL/hr
      D)
      Productive sputum
      E)
      sudden onset of shortness of breath
    3. Which should the nurse administer to provide quick relief to a child with asthma who is coughing, wheezing, and having difficulty catching her breath?
      A)
      montelukast
      B)
      Fluticasone
      C)
      Prednisone
      D)
      Albuterol
    4. Exhibits Which physical sign most strongly supports the nurse's concern for worsening asthma?
      A)
      Normal temperature
      B)
      Slightly elevated heart rate
      C)
      Nasal flaring and intercostal retractions
      D)
      Use of maintenance inhaler
    Page 3 of 19

    Exam Review

    1. Exhibits Which assessment finding is most concerning and requires immediate nursing intervention?
      A)
      Blood pressure of 138/84 mmHg
      B)
      WBC count of 15,000/mm
      C)
      Blood glucose of 198 mg/dL
      D)
      Oxygen saturation 89%
    2. The nurse is caring for a patient with pneumonia. Which laboratory test would best help the nurse to monitor the condition of this patient?
      A)
      White blood cell (WBC) count, arterial blood gases (ABGs)
      B)
      Complete blood count (CBC), urinalysis
      C)
      Electrolytes, serum creatinine
      D)
      Partial thromboplastin time (PTT), serum potassium
    3. A client with an acute upper respiratory infection wants to know what diet he should follow to help treat his symptoms. Which diet would the nurse advise the client to follow?
      A)
      Increased protein
      B)
      Soft, bland diet
      C)
      Clear liquid
      D)
      The client should be held NPO until symptoms improve
    4. A client is being discharged on long-term therapy for tuberculosis (TB). What referral by the nurse is most appropriate?
      A)
      Physical therapy for homebound therapy services
      B)
      Occupational therapy for job retraining
      C)
      Community social worker for Meals on Wheels
      D)
      Visiting Nurses for directly observed therapy
    Page 4 of 19

    Exam Review

    1. A parent of an 8-month-old asks the nurse how it will be determined whether their child has respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Which is the nurse's best answer?
      A)
      "We will do a simple blood test."
      B)
      "We will swab you child's nose and send the specimen for testing."
      C)
      "We will have to sedate your child and do a CT scan of his chest."
      D)
      “There is no specific test for RSV."
    2. Exhibits The nurse is teaching Lily purse-lip breathing. She should instruct her to inhale slowly through her:
      A)
      nose, then exhale more slowly through pursed lips
      B)
      mouth, making her exhalation last three times longer than her inhalation
      C)
      mouth, then exhale quickly through pursed lips
      D)
      nose, making her inhalation last three times longer than her exhalation
    3. What information should the nurse teach workers at a daycare center about RSV?
      A)
      RSV can survive on nonporous surfaces for about 60 minutes.
      B)
      RSV can live on skin or paper for up to a few seconds after contact.
      C)
      Frequent handwashing can decrease the spread of the virus.
      D)
      RSV is transmitted through particles in the air.
    4. The nurse is caring for a patient with suspected sinusitis. Which assessment finding supports this diagnosis?
      A)
      Clear drainage from the ear.
      B)
      Ear pain when lying down
      C)
      Generalized pain in the upper teeth.
      D)
      Maxillary sinuses nontender on percussion
    Page 5 of 19

    Exam Review

    1. A child has had cold symptoms for more than 2 weeks, a headache, nasal congestion with purulent nasal drainage, facial tenderness, and a cough that increases during sleep. The nurse recognizes that these symptoms are characteristic of which respiratory condition?
      A)
      Bronchitis
      B)
      Sinusitis
      C)
      Asthma
      D)
      Allergic rhinitis
    2. Which finding indicates that the patient's condition is improving?
      A)
      Temperature of 101.8°F
      B)
      WBC count of 17.500/mm3
      C)
      Resp. rate of 28
      D)
      Oxygen saturation of 94% on 2L/nasal cannula
    3. A client diagnosed with a PE is placed on a heparin drip. The nurse knows that she must monitor which of the following?
      A)
      WBC
      B)
      D-dimer
      C)
      PT/INR
      D)
      aPTT
    4. The nurse is caring for a patient experiencing epistaxis. What action should the nurse take first?
      A)
      Obtain the patient's vital signs
      B)
      Apply a cold compress to the patient's facial area.
      C)
      Firmly pack the nostril with saline soaked gauze.
      D)
      Instruct the client to sit forward and pinch the nose below the nasal bone.
    Page 6 of 19