Exam Review

Which is prescribed for the therapeutic management of minimal change nephrotic syndrome?
A)
Corticosteroids
B)
Increased fluids to promote diuresis
C)
Antihypertensive agents
D)
Antibiotics
A nurse is caring for a school-age child who has acute glomerulonephritis with peripheral edema and is producing 35 mL of urine per hour. The nurse should expect the patient to be placed on which of the following diets?
A)
Low-carbohydrate, low-protein diet
B)
Low-sodium, fluid-restricted
C)
Regular diet, no added salt.
D)
Low-protein, low-potassium diet
A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old child who has had 160 mL of urine output over the past 8 hr period. The child weighs 33 lb. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A)
Continue to monitor the client.
B)
Provide oral rehydration fluids.
C)
Perform a bladder scan at the bedside.
D)
Notify the provider.
A nurse is caring for a child who is having a seizure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)
(SATA)
A)
Place a tongue depressor in the client's mouth.
B)
Place the client in a side-lying position.
C)
Assess the client's airway patency.
D)
Remove objects from the client's bed.
E)
Restrain the client.

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Exam Review

Which should the nurse teach a group of girls and parents about the importance of preventing urinary tract infections (UTIs)?
A)
Avoiding constipation has no effect on the occurrence of UTIs.
B)
After urinating, always wipe from back to front to prevent fecal contamination.
C)
Hygiene is an important preventive measure and can be accomplished with daily tub baths.
D)
Increasing fluids will help prevent and treat UTIs.
A nurse is caring for a child who has influenza. The nurse should identify that which of the following statements by the parent indicates the child has an increased risk for Reye syndrome?
A)
"I am encouraging my child to drink grapefruit juice."
B)
"I give my child ibuprofen when his muscles are aching."
C)
"I give my child aspirin to reduce his fever."
D)
"I am leaving a humidifier on in my child's room when he naps."
A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old child whose parents report that she has an intense fear of painful procedures, such as injections. Which of the following strategies should the nurse add to the child's plan of care? (Select all that apply.)
(SATA)
A)
Cluster invasive procedures whenever possible.
B)
Have a parent stay with the child during procedures.
C)
Use mummy restraints during painful procedures.
D)
Perform the procedure as quickly as possible.
E)
Allow the child to keep a toy from home with her.
A nurse is caring for a client who has increased intracranial pressure. Which of the following interventions should the nurse take?
A)
Provide a brightly lit environment.
B)
Encourage a minimum intake of 2000 mL (67.6 oz) of clear fluids per day.
C)
Elevate the head of the bed.
D)
Teach controlled coughing and deep breathing.

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Exam Review

A nurse is planning care for a 5-month-old infant who is scheduled for a lumbar puncture to rule out meningitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
A)
Apply a eutectic mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine cream topically 15 min prior to the procedure.
B)
Keep the infant NPO for 6 hr prior the procedure.
C)
Hold the infant's chin to his chest and knees to his abdomen during the procedure.
D)
Place the infant in an infant seat for 2 hr following the procedure.
A nurse is caring for an infant in the emergency department. Exhibits Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)
(SATA)
A)
Evaluate for the presence of a Babinski reflex
B)
Assess pupillary reaction to light.
C)
Encourage the guardian to feed the infant
D)
Palpate fontanel level
E)
Stabilize the infant's spine.
F)
Measure the infant's head circumference
A nurse is preparing to obtain a urine sample from a 7-month-old client. Which of the following collection methods should the nurse identify as yielding the most reliable urinalysis and urine culture results?
A)
Clean-catch
B)
Straight catheterization
C)
Suprapubic aspiration
D)
Urine collection bag
A nurse is assessing a toddler who has acute nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
A)
Irritability
B)
Yellow nasal discharge
C)
Facial edema
D)
Poor appetite

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Exam Review

A nurse is caring for a child who has a suspected diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
A)
Administer antibiotics when available.
B)
Document intake and output.
C)
Maintain seizure precautions.
D)
Reduce environmental stimuli.
The parent of a child diagnosed with acute kidney injury (AKI) asks the nurse why peritoneal dialysis was selected instead of hemodialysis. Which is the nurse's best response?
A)
"Peritoneal dialysis is much more efficient than hemodialysis."
B)
"Peritoneal dialysis has no complications, so it is a treatment used without hesitation."
C)
"Peritoneal dialysis removes fluid at a slower rate than hemodialysis, so many complications are avoided."
D)
"Hemodialysis is not used in the pediatric population."
A nurse is caring for a client who has an indwelling urinary catheter and notes blood-tinged urine in the catheter bag. The nurse recognizes this finding can be a manifestation of which of the following urinary alterations?
A)
Bladder infection
B)
Testicular torsion
C)
Dehydration
D)
Pernicious anemia
A child with asthma will be receiving an oral dose of prednisone. The order reads prednisone 2 mg/kg per day. The child weighs 35 lbs. The child will receive ____ milligrams daily. Round the answer to the nearest whole number.

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Exam Review

A nurse in a rehabilitation care facility is caring for a 7 year old client who begins to have frequent episodes of urinary incontinence. After the provider determines no medical cause for the client's incontinence, which of the following interventions should the nurse initiate to manage this behavior?
A)
Remind the child to tell the nurse when he has to urinate.
B)
Take the client to the bathroom every 2 hr.
C)
Request a prescription for an indwelling urinary catheter.
D)
Use diapers to prevent frequent clothing changes.
A nurse is assessing a child who has nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A)
Facial edema
B)
Smokey brown urine
C)
Polyuria
D)
Hypertension
The nurse is caring for a child with Acute Renal Failure. Which clinical manifestation would the nurse recognize as a sign of hyperkalemia?
A)
Oliguria
B)
Seizure
C)
Cardiac arrhythmia
D)
Dyspnea
The nurse is admitting a school-age child with suspected Guillan- Barre syndrome (GBS). Which is the priority in the care for this child?
A)
Assessing respiratory efforts
B)
Placing on a telemetry monitor
C)
Monitoring intake and output
D)
Obtaining laboratory studies

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Exam Review

A charge nurse is anticipating the admission of four clients and planning their room assignments. Which of the following clients should the nurse assign to the room closest to the nurses' station?
A)
A client who has a suspected diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB)
B)
A client who sustained a head injury and is having periods of confusion
C)
A client who reports a severe migraine headache
D)
A client who has a history of atrial fibrillation and is on continuous ECG monitoring.

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