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    Exam Review

    1. What is one way to minimize antibiotic resistance?
      A)
      Using the same antibiotic for every infection
      B)
      Prescribing antibiotics for every suspected infection
      C)
      Encouraging self-medication with antibiotics
      D)
      Educating healthcare providers and patients about appropriate antibiotic use
    2. Which of the following reaction to aminoglycoside therapy does not require discontinuation of treatment?
      A)
      Nephrotoxicity
      B)
      Ototoxicity
      C)
      Nausea
      D)
      Vertigo
    3. What steps should be taken before administering a broad spectrum antibiotic?
      A)
      Monitor vital signs and assess for any signs of allergic actions or adverse effects
      B)
      Perform a culture and sensitivity test to identify the specific pathogen.
      C)
      Administer the antibiotic immediately without a by obtaining a specimen sample
      D)
      Consult with the healthcare provider to determine the appropriate dosage of the antibiotic.
    4. Which of the following are examples of tertiary prophylaxis? (Select All that Apply)
      (SATA)
      A)
      Screening for high blood pressure
      B)
      Physical therapy for stroke patients
      C)
      Management of chronic pain in arthritis
      D)
      Vaccination for hepatitis B
      E)
      Cardiac rehabilitation after a myocardial infarction
      F)
      Hand hygiene promotion to prevent infections
      G)
      Routine mammograms for early breast cancer detection
      H)
      Healthy diet counseling to prevent diabetes
    Page 1 of 4

    Exam Review

    1. What is critical concentration in relation to medication therapeutic effects?
      A)
      The concentration of a medication in the blood that is necessary for the medication to be absorbed into the body.
      B)
      The minimum concentration of a medication in the blood needed to achieve the desired therapeutic effect
      C)
      The maximum concentration of a medication in the blood that can be safely tolerated without adverse effects.
      D)
      The concentration of a medication in the blood that is considered optimal for achieving the desired therapeutic effect.
    2. What is the mechanism of action used by cephalosporins in the treatment of bacterial infections?
      A)
      inhibition of protein synth
      B)
      Inhibition of DNA replication
      C)
      Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
      D)
      Inhibition of folic acid synthesis
    3. What is the definition of a prototype drug?
      A)
      A prototype drug is a medication that is used as a placebo in clinical trials.
      B)
      A prototype drug is a medication that is considered the standard or model for a particular drug class or category
      C)
      A prototype drug is a medication that is only available in generic form.
      D)
      A prototype drug is a medication that is prescribed exclusively for pediatric patients.
    4. Which of the following is a severe adverse reaction associated with aminoglycoside therapy?
      A)
      Rash
      B)
      Nausea and vomiting
      C)
      Ototoxicity
      D)
      Headache
    Page 2 of 4

    Exam Review

    1. Which of the following best describes pharmacokinetics?
      A)
      The study of how drugs interact with specific drug
      B)
      The study of how drugs are developed and manufactured
      C)
      The study of how drugs are prescribed and administered
      D)
      The study of how drugs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted by the body.
    2. Aminoglycosides are effective against which strain of bacteria?
      A)
      Viral infections
      B)
      Gram-positive bacteria
      C)
      Fungal infections
      D)
      Gram-negative bacteria
    3. What is the definition of selective toxicity in relation to anti-infectives?
      A)
      The ability of an anti-infective completely eliminate all microorganisms from the host's body.
      B)
      The ability of an article to the host while targeting microorganisms.
      C)
      The ability of an anti-infective to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms without causing harm to the host
      D)
      The ability of an anti-infective to target specific microorganisms without affecting other microorganisms
    4. What is the definition of pharmacodynamics?
      A)
      The study of how drugs are formulated into different dosage forms.
      B)
      The study of how drugs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated in the body.
      C)
      The study of how drugs interact with specific drug receptors to produce a physiological response.
      D)
      The study of how drugs are developed and tested for safety and efficacy
    Page 3 of 4

    Exam Review

    1. Resistance to anti-infectives refers to:
      A)
      The ability of healthcare providers to accurately diagnose and prescribe the appropriate anti-infective drugs.
      B)
      The ability of the body's immune system to fight off infections without the need for drugs.
      C)
      The ability of drugs to effectively kill microorganisms and eliminate infections.
      D)
      The ability of microorganisms to survive and multiply in the presence of drugs that are designed to inhibit their growth or kill them
    2. A nurse is calculating the dose of medication for a client. The prescribed dose is 2.5 mg/kg. The client weighs 70 kg. What dosage of medication should the nurse prepare?
      A)
      700 mg
      B)
      175 mg
      C)
      250 mg
      D)
      35 mg
    3. Which of the following anti-infectives is a fluoroquinolone?
      A)
      Ciprofloxacin
      B)
      Cephalexin
      C)
      Penicillin
      D)
      Azithromycin
    Page 4 of 4