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    Exam Review

    1. What is the most common cause of death in survivors of spinal cord injuries?
      A)
      Cancer
      B)
      Pneumonia
      C)
      Suicide
      D)
      Pulmonary embolus
    2. You are triaging clients arriving at the hospital after a mass casualty. Which clients are correctly classified? (Select one, some or all that apply)
      (SATA)
      A)
      A 60-year-old male with an open fracture with distal pulses: yellow tag
      B)
      A 33-year-old male unconscious with bilateral leg amputations: yellow tag
      C)
      A 35-year-old female with severe chest pain red tag
      D)
      An 8-year-old male with shortness of breath and chest bruises: green tag
      E)
      A 55-year-old female with a scalp laceration: black tag
      F)
      A 42-year-old male with full thickness body burns: green tag
    3. The presence of a skull fracture confirmed via imaging study is indicative that significant force was involved in the injury. Specific types of skull fractures can result in special risks to the patient. One of these risks includes damage to facial, acoustic, and vestibular nerve function. Fracture of which of the following structures will increase a patient's risk of this type of damage?
      A)
      Temporal bone
      B)
      Parietal bone
      C)
      Carotid canal
      D)
      Base of the occipital bone
    4. What is the difference between collaboration and teamwork? (Select All that Apply.)
      (SATA)
      A)
      Team members need to be willing to share their ideas
      B)
      Collaboration is a more formalized process in which individuals with different expertise come together to solve a problem or create something new
      C)
      Teamwork refers to a group of people working together to achieve a common goal
      D)
      Collaboration involves creativity and a willingness to compromise
      E)
      There is no difference between collaboration and teamwork
    Page 1 of 13

    Exam Review

    1. When discussing trauma, we talk about rapid responders, transient responders or no responders, what is meant by a transient responder?
      A)
      A transient responder is an individual that improves in response to initial fluid bolus and shows deterioration in perfusion when fluids are at maintenance rates.
      B)
      A transient responder is an individual that remains hemodynamically stable of initial fluid bolus
      C)
      A transient responder is an individual that responds to crystalloid and blood administration
      D)
      A transient responder is an individual reacts slowly to the initial bolus
    2. In trauma, the acronym FAST is used. What does this stand for?
      A)
      Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma
      B)
      First Assessment with Sonography for Trauma
      C)
      Findings Assessment with Sonogram for Trauma
      D)
      First Assessment with Secondary findings for Trauma
    3. Ms. Jonus, an 82-year-old female presents to the Emergency Department (ED) after being involved in a motor vehicle collision (MVC). Ms. Jonus was stopped at a stop sign when she was rear-ended by a vehicle at a high speed. The MVC occurred across the street from the hospital, and the elderly woman was able to extricate herself from the vehicle and stumble into the ED with the assistance of the paramedic. She appears pale, diaphoretic, and disoriented. She has an abnormal breathing pattern, which is rapid and shallow, and her level of consciousness is decreased. The paramedic reports that the car was totaled, the windshield and driver's side windows were smashed, and the driver's side seat belt had been torn off, and the steering wheel has been pushed into the dashboard. The paramedic suspects the patient might have sustained significant internal injuries due to the force of the collision. Exhibits Based on the patient's presentation and the information provided, what is the most likely cause of her abnormal breathing pattern?
      A)
      Pulmonary embolism
      B)
      Acute myocardial infarction (MI)
      C)
      Pneumothorax or hemothorax
      D)
      Traumatic brain injury (TBI)
    4. Which of the following definitions is incorrect?
      A)
      External disaster occurs outside of a health care facility or campus
      B)
      Internal disasters occur inside a health care facility or campus
      C)
      Mass casualty disasters overwhelm local medical capabilities
      D)
      Multi-casualty disasters cannot be managed by a hospital
    Page 2 of 13

    Exam Review

    1. Collaboration is required between the emergency department and critical care nurses, What does this collaboration involve? (Select all that apply, one, some or all)
      (SATA)
      A)
      Understanding that patient care brings distinct skills and perspectives
      B)
      Meeting the needs of others
      C)
      Basic level of un of understanding and acceptance of the others practice
      D)
      Mutual respect
      E)
      Assertiveness and cooperation.
    2. What is not a competencies of Interprofessional Education Collaborative (IPEC)
      A)
      Interprofessional Communication
      B)
      Role and Responsibilities
      C)
      Values/Ethics for Interprofessional Practice
      D)
      Teams and individual responsibilities
    3. Ms. Jonus, an 82-year-old female presents to the Emergency Department (ED) after being involved in a motor vehicle collision (MVC). Ms. Jonus was stopped at a stop sign when she was rear-ended by a vehicle at a high speed. The MVC occurred across the street from the hospital, and the elderly woman was able to extricate herself from the vehicle and stumble into the ED with the assistance of the paramedic. She appears pale, diaphoretic, and disoriented. She has an abnormal breathing pattern, which is rapid and shallow, and her level of consciousness is decreased. The paramedic reports that the car was totaled, the windshield and driver's side windows were smashed, and the driver's side seat belt had been torn off, and the steering wheel has been pushed into the dashboard. The paramedic suspects the patient might have sustained significant internal injuries due to the force of the collision. Exhibits Given that the patient's car was totaled, the windshield and driver's side windows smashed, and the seat belt was torn off, which of the following injuries should be considered as a priority?
      A)
      Gastrointestinal injury
      B)
      Traumatic brain injury
      C)
      Fractures of the limbs
      D)
      Spinal cord injury
    4. A trauma client with multiple open wounds is brought to the emergency department in cardiac arrest. Which action should the nurse take prior to providing advanced cardiac life support?
      A)
      Contact the on-call orthopedic surgeon.
      B)
      Don personal protective equipment.
      C)
      Obtain a complete history from the paramedic
      D)
      Notify the Rapid Response Team.
    Page 3 of 13

    Exam Review

    1. Indicate the correct descriptions of spinal shock and neurogenic shock. (Select all that apply, one, some or all.)
      A)
      Spinal shock-incomplete loss (motor, sensory, reflex activity) below the level of injury
      B)
      Neurogenic shock-results in loss (of autonomic pathways) below the level of injury
      C)
      None of the above are correct
      D)
      Spinal shock- begins within minutes after the injury
      E)
      Neurogenic shock-manifests as hypotension, bradycardia, hypothermia
    2. A 10-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department via ambulance after he was involved in a motor vehicle collision. The patient is unconscious on arrival. Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score is 8. CT scan does not show any specific lesion. The patient remains unconscious for the next 7 hours. Based on these findings, which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
      A)
      Epidural hematoma
      B)
      Subarachnoid hemorrhage
      C)
      Subdural hematoma
      D)
      Diffuse axonal injury
    3. Mr. White is a 17-year-old male who was injured in a snowboarding accident 3 weeks ago. He sustained a vertebral fracture and complete spinal cord injury at T7. His fracture has been stabilized with rods and screws. The plan is for him to be discharged home in 3 days with home health and family care. The CNA reports to you that the bath has been completed, there was no BM or incontinence of urine. However, Mr. White's blood pressure has risen to 189/100 with a heart rate of 56. You immediately go to the room to check on Mr. White. What things should you assess in order to determine the problem? (Select all that apply, one, some or all)
      A)
      Assess for tachycardia and low blood pressure
      B)
      Reassess his radiology imaging
      C)
      Would need to assess him closer, get a temperature and ask him about symptoms
      D)
      Assess bowels, bladder, and skin to see if there is a specific irritating source.
    4. A patient presents to the emergency department after an assault with a bat to his chest. Pulmonary contusion can lead to death due to which of the following mechanisms?
      A)
      Decreased oxygenation
      B)
      Air accumulation in the pleural space
      C)
      Disruption of the blood-air barrier
      D)
      Compression of the lung by rib fractures
    Page 4 of 13

    Exam Review

    1. Team work has shown positive outcomes. All of the following are examples of these patient outcomes except.
      A)
      Decrease length of stay (LOS)
      B)
      Increased readmissions to the ICU
      C)
      Higher ability to meet family member needs
      D)
      Provider reported quality of care
    2. Emergency medical services (EMS) brings a large number of clients to the emergency department following a mass casualty incident. The nurse identifies the clients with which injuries with yellow tags? (Select one, some or all that apply)
      A)
      Bruising and pain in the right lower abdomen
      B)
      Small pieces of shrapnel embedded in both eyes
      C)
      Neck injury and numbness both legs
      D)
      Partial thickness burns covering both legs
      E)
      Head injury and difficult to arouse
      F)
      Open fractures of both legs with absent pedal pulses
    3. Why is ACLS used in healthcare settings?
      A)
      To support patients during routine physical exams
      B)
      To treat chronic illnesses
      C)
      To manage patients with cardiovascular emergencies
      D)
      To monitor blood sugar levels
    4. You are field triaging clients after an industrial accident. Which client condition would you triage with a red tag?
      A)
      Dislocated right hip and an open fracture of the right lower leg
      B)
      Closed fracture of the right clavicle and arm numbness
      C)
      Large contusion to the forehead and a bloody nose
      D)
      Multiple fractured ribs and shortness of breath
    Page 5 of 13

    Exam Review

    1. What are the 5 guiding principles of Trauma-Informed Care? (Select all that apply)
      A)
      Choice
      B)
      Trustworthiness
      C)
      Collaboration
      D)
      Safety
      E)
      Empowerment
    2. Triage tags, or assigning colors (red, green, yellow, black) to patients involved in a mass casualty incident. Labeling all patients with a color tab provides: (Select all that apply, one, some, or all)
      A)
      Color coding for treatment priority
      B)
      Pre-existing conditions
      C)
      Triage color tags used for reference and patient tracking
      D)
      None of the above
      E)
      Allergies
    3. You are collaborating with the trauma team to admit and stabilize Johny Snowden, 17-year-old male following a snow mobile accident. Mr. Snowden was driving his snow mobile on a frozen lake when he hit a patch of thin ice and went through the ice. According to Emergency Medical Service after the vehicle went through the ice. Mr. Snowden did not resurface. The patient's father witnessed the event and went in after his son and was able to rescue him. He immediately began CPR. Mr. Snowden was intubated en route to the Trauma Center by the paramedics and presents now for stabilization. You collect the following assessment data on Mr. Tean. Based on the assessment findings, what priority actions will you take to help stabilize Mr. Snowden at this time? (Select all that apply, some, one or all)
      A)
      Maintain a neutral thermal body temperature
      B)
      Administer antibiotics as prescribed for urinary tract infection
      C)
      Perform neurologic checks every hour
      D)
      Use the log-roll method of repositioning and turning
      E)
      Perform a thorough assessment of the scalp laceration
      F)
      Administer saline bolus as prescribed
      G)
      Obtain health history and details of the accidental injury from the family
      H)
      Maintain endotracheal tube and manage the ventilator
    4. Which of the following is the best description of ROSC (Return of Spontaneous Circulation)?
      A)
      The patient regains normal breathing and pulse after defibrillation
      B)
      The patient's blood pressure and heart rate remain elevated during resuscitation
      C)
      The heart is no longer responsive to medications
      D)
      The patient remains in a coma after successful defibrillation
    Page 6 of 13