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    Exam Review

    1. The nurse demonstrates atraumatic care for a pediatric client receiving insulin injections in this hospital for a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus with which action? The acute care nurse is caring for a pediatric client diagnosed with diabetes mellitus who receives insulin injections. Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrates atraumatic care?
      A)
      Administering the insulin injection quickly to minimize discomfort
      B)
      Explaining the procedure in simple terms to the client before administering the insulin
      C)
      Asking the client to look away during the injection to reduce anxiety
      D)
      Using a larger needle to ensure accurate insulin delivery
    2. A nurse is reinforcing teaching to the parent of a 7-year-old child who has manifestations consistent with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which of the following statements should the nurse make regarding the screening and diagnosis of ADHD?
      A)
      “Since ADHD is genetic, we need to know if other family members have been diagnosed to determine if your child has it."
      B)
      "Your child will need a comprehensive evaluation, based on specific criteria including a detailed history and behavior assessment."
      C)
      If your child shows symptoms of ADHD at home but not at school they can still be diagnosed with ADHD."
      D)
      "ADHD can be confirmed with a blood test, so we should schedule one for your child."
    3. A nurse is caring for a 13-year-old adolescent in the pediatric emergency room who has a suspected head injury. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
      A)
      Collect data on physical examination.
      B)
      Administer pain medication to the adolescent.
      C)
      Notify the adolescent's primary care provider.
      D)
      Collect a detailed past medical history.
    4. A nurse is assisting with care for an 11-year-old child who has appendicitis. For which of the following complications should the nurse anticipate assisting with collecting data for the RN assessment of the client?
      A)
      Pyloric stenosis
      B)
      Celiac disease
      C)
      Gastroenteritis
      D)
      Peritonitis
    Page 1 of 19

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is assisting in the care of an infant diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot. The infant's caregiver asks the nurse to explain this diagnosis. Which of the following is an accurate statement about this condition?
      A)
      "Tetralogy of Fallon is a group of four heart defects that impact circulation of blood in your child's body. These are pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect,right ventricular hypertrophy and an overriding aorta.”
      B)
      "Tetralogy of Fallot is a heart defect that impacts circulation in your child's body due to the atypical placement of the aorta."
      C)
      "Tetralogy of Fallot is a group of the heart defects that impact the circulation of blood in your child's body. These are aortic stenosis, atrial septal defect, and left ventricular hypertrophy.”
      D)
      "Tetralogy of Fallot is a heart defect that impacts the circulation in your child's body due to an opening in the wall between the ventricles, causing mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.”
    2. A nurse is assisting with planning care for a 17-year-old client who may have anorexia nervosa (AN). Which of the following should the nurse recognize as a common reproductive health concern for this client?
      A)
      Amenorrhea
      B)
      Increased fertility
      C)
      Early onset of puberty
      D)
      Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
    3. A nurse is assisting in the care of a 6-year-old client who has nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following adverse effects of corticosteroids should the nurse recognize as having the potential to impact the child's psychosocial development? (Select All that Apply.)
      (SATA)
      A)
      Weight gain
      B)
      Irritability
      C)
      Osteoporosis
      D)
      Hypertension
      E)
      Nausea
    4. A nurse is contributing to a plan of care for a child who is 3 years of age. Which of the following developmental milestones should the nurse incorporate into the plan of care?
      A)
      The child is able to answer simple questions.
      B)
      The child engages in conversation.
      C)
      The child knows to stays away from danger.
      D)
      The child adheres to rules.
    Page 2 of 19

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is preparing to administer dextrose 5% in water (DSW) 100 mL to infuse over 1 hr. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 15 gtt/ml. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number.)
      Correct Answer:25 gtt/min.
    2. A hospice nurse is reinforcing teaching to a parent about how age affects how their child experiences a terminal illness. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
      A)
      "Adolescents may feel responsible for the illness."
      B)
      "Adolescents may feel frustrated for being dependent on others."
      C)
      "Children 3 to 5 years old are too young to understand the difference between life and death."
      D)
      "Children around 5 or 6 years old may try to be brave and shield loved ones from distress."
    3. A nurse is reinforcing education to parents of an infant who has intussusception. Which of the following statements would the nurse provide to the parents?
      A)
      “Intussusception is a congenital condition where the layers of the intestinal wall do not form properly."
      B)
      "Intussusception is a consequence of weakened abdominal muscles, allowing a portion of the intestine to bulge."
      C)
      "Intussusception results from the twisting of the intestine causing a blockage in the passage of food."
      D)
      "Intussusception occurs when one segment of the intestine slides into another, which can cut off blood supply.”
    4. A nurse is preparing to administer ear drops to a 2-year-old toddler who has an ear infection and a small amount of purulent drainage visible around the ear. Which of the following techniques should the nurse use when instilling the medication?
      A)
      Warm the medication container for 10 seconds in a microwave oven prior to instillation.
      B)
      Apply clean gloves and clean the outer ear prior to instilling drops.
      C)
      Firmly push a cotton ball into the ear canal after instilling drops.
      D)
      Pull the child's ear auricle upward and outward just before instilling drops.
    Page 3 of 19

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is reinforcing education about nutrition for a patient who has HIV and has a newborn. Which of the following statements should the nurse provide in the teaching?
      A)
      “You must breastfeed to give the baby the best nutrients.”
      B)
      "Breastfeeding is not recommended because of the high risk of transmission.”
      C)
      “Pumped breastmilk may be given to your child."
      D)
      "You should sterilize your pumped breastmilk prior to feeding.”
    2. A nurse is assisting in the care of a toddler whose caregivers have questions about allergies. Which of the following should the nurse identify as the most common allergic reaction in children?
      A)
      Allergic rhinitis
      B)
      Systemic reaction
      C)
      Hives
      D)
      Anaphylaxis
    3. A nurse is collecting data from the chart of a child who has streptococcal pharyngitis after being admitted for suspected rheumatic fever. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of possible rheumatic fever? (Select All that Apply)
      A)
      Atrial fibrillation on the cardiac monitor
      B)
      Elevated BUN and creatinine on morning laboratory results
      C)
      Involuntary movements of extremities
      D)
      Alopecia
      E)
      Report of chest pain
      F)
      Oliguria
    4. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about the role of the immune system to a client who has psoriasis. Which of the following explains the immune system dysfunction associated with psoriasis?
      A)
      Suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines
      B)
      Increased production of sebum
      C)
      Overactivation of T-cells
      D)
      Decreased number of Langerhans cells in the dermis
    Page 4 of 19

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is assisting in the care of an infant in a pediatric clinic Exhibits For each potential finding, click to specify if the finding is common with the diagnosis. There must be at least 1 selection in every row. There does not need to be a selection in every column.
      A)
      Intellectual disability
      B)
      Cardiac defects
      C)
      Gastrointestinal Issues
      D)
      Joint laxity
      E)
      Increased likelihood of seizures
      F)
      Prenatal diagnosis common
    2. A nurse is preparing to administer amoxicillin 320 mg PO every 12 hr to an infant. The amount available is amoxicillin suspension 400 mg/5 mL How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
    3. A nurse is providing care to a child who has Down syndrome during a well-child checkup. Which of the following assessment findings requires immediate follow-up by the nurse?
      A)
      Changes in feeding and bowel habits.
      B)
      Presence of a single palmar crease on the child's hands.
      C)
      Height and weight measurement below the 50th percentile for their age.
      D)
      Evaluation of the caregiver's financial resources.
    4. A nurse is reinforcing education about the inheritance patterns of fragile X syndrome to a couple who have a family history of the disorder. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
      A)
      “Fragile X syndrome follows an autosomal recessive pattern, so both genetic parents must carry the gene mutation for a child to be affected."
      B)
      "Since your child has fragile X syndrome, all of your future sons will also have the condition, but your daughters will not be affected."
      C)
      “Fragile X syndrome is inherited in a mitochondrial pattern which means it is passed from the pregnant individual to child through the mitochondrial DNA.”
      D)
      “Fragile X syndrome is inherited in an X-linked dominant pattern, which means that if a pregnant client carries the gene mutation, each child has a 50% chance of Inheriting the condition."
    Page 5 of 19

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is reinforcing teaching to the parents of a 2-month-old infant who has Down Syndrome. Which of the following statements addressing cognitive ability should the nurse reinforce?
      A)
      “Cognitive abilities in children with Down syndrome cannot be improved, so focusing on physical health is the only priority."
      B)
      “Infants who have Down syndrome typically have significantly higher IQ scores compared to typically developing infants."
      C)
      “Early intervention programs can mitigate cognitive impairments in infants who have Down syndrome."
      D)
      “Cognitive abilities of infants who have Down syndrome are typically within the average range during the first year of life."
    2. A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a newly hired nurse about cystic fibrosis. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
      A)
      "The life expectancy for an individual who has this disorder is 25 years of age.”
      B)
      "This disorder is most common in individuals of Northern European descent.”
      C)
      "Heart failure will occur at some point during the progression of CF.”
      D)
      “This disorder occurs when the mother has a mutation of the 7th chromosome.”
    3. A nurse manager is preparing to discuss methods to mitigate burnout with their staff who care for terminally ill children. Which of the following information should the nurse plan to include in the discussion? (Select All that Apply.)
      A)
      Breathing techniques
      B)
      Work extended shifts
      C)
      Facilitate discussion on vicarious trauma
      D)
      Take sleep aids at night
      E)
      Guided imagery
    4. A school nurse is preparing to support children who have a chronic illness in a middle school setting. The nurse should be aware of which of the following challenges chronically a children may face? (Select All that Apply)
      A)
      Bullying
      B)
      Absenteeism
      C)
      Decreased intelligence quotient score
      D)
      Behavioral issues towards other students
      E)
      Mental health concerns
    Page 6 of 19