NursGuru
    Login/Signup
    Review ModeExam ModePractice Mode

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing hypovolemic shock. Which of the following blood products should the nurse anticipate administering to this client?
      A)
      Cryoprecipitates to aid in hemophilia
      B)
      Packed RBCs (red blood cells) to restore blood volume and replace hematocrit and hemoglobin levels
      C)
      Albumin
      D)
      Platelets to aid in thrombocytopenia
    2. In a patient with ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome), what radiographic finding is typically seen in the later stages of the disease?
      A)
      Pleural effusion
      B)
      Ground glass appearance followed by white patches (white out)
      C)
      Consolidation of the upper lobes only
      D)
      Honeycombing pattern
    3. Which of the following is a priority when dealing with a client exposed to rabies?
      A)
      Isolation of the client
      B)
      Monitoring the client for fever and headache
      C)
      Providing supportive care only
      D)
      Administering rabies vaccine and immunoglobulin
    4. Which of the following is a hallmark symptom of acute respiratory distress syndrome?
      A)
      Refractory hypoxemia
      B)
      Pink frothy sputum
      C)
      Hypoglycemia
      D)
      Hypercapnia
    Page 1 of 12

    Exam Review

    1. In critically ill patients, the progression from Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) to Multi-Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS) is associated with a poor prognosis. Given this challenge, what is the primary goal in the management of these patients to improve their overall prognosis?
      A)
      Focus solely on treating existing organ dysfunctions once MODS develops.
      B)
      Muscle weakness
      C)
      Delay treatment interventions until organ failure is confirmed for accurate diagnosis.
      D)
      Prevent the progression from SIRS to MODS to improve prognosis.
    2. Which of the following is a primary survey component in emergency medicine?
      A)
      Airway assessment
      B)
      Determining Tetanus status
      C)
      Social determinants of health
      D)
      Documenting allergies
    3. In a patient with ARDS, what position improves ventilation?
      A)
      Supine
      B)
      Prone
      C)
      Trendelenburg
      D)
      Sim's
    4. Which of the following statements accurately describes Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS)?
      A)
      MODS can be diagnosed when one organ system fails for more than 24 hours.
      B)
      MODS is the failure of 2 or more organ systems in an acutely ill patient.
      C)
      MODS is the sequential failure of organ systems in a healthy individual.
      D)
      MODS is the failure of a single organ system due to chronic illness.
    Page 2 of 12

    Exam Review

    1. Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of anaphylactic shock?
      A)
      Decreased respiratory rate
      B)
      Angioedema of the lips and tongue
      C)
      High blood pressure
      D)
      Elevated body temperature
    2. In a patient suffering from a deep frostbite injury, a ▾ Tetanus shot is given prophylactically.
      Dropdown 1:
      Option 1: Tetanus
      Option 2: Hepatitis B
      Option 3: Flu
      Option 4: Pneumonia
    3. A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing anaphylactic shock in response to the administration of penicillin. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer first?
      A)
      Furosemide
      B)
      Epinephrine
      C)
      Dobutamine
      D)
      Methylprednisolone
    4. A patient diagnosed with Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) and progressing toward Multi-Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS) is being closely monitored in the intensive care unit. Due to decreased perfusion related to these conditions, there is an increased risk for which of the following gastrointestinal complications?
      A)
      Enhanced gastrointestinal motility and digestion.
      B)
      Increased nutrient absorption and intestinal fortification.
      C)
      Ulceration, GL bleeding, and bacterial translocation.
      D)
      Reduced vulnerability to gastrointestinal infections.
    Page 3 of 12

    Exam Review

    1. A patient with frostbite injury asks a nurse about what to expect during thawing. What should the nurse explain to the patient?
      A)
      Paradoxical heat sensation
      B)
      Permanent nerve damage
      C)
      Immediate return to normal temperature
      D)
      Swelling should be expected with thawing and frostbite injury
    2. A patient diagnosed with Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) is progressing toward Multi-Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS) and is now in a hypermetabolic state. This condition has significant metabolic implications. Which of the following accurately describes the metabolic changes observed in this hypermetabolic state?
      A)
      Insulin resistance, lactic acidosis, and liver dysfunction.
      B)
      Decreased glucose utilization and improved cellular oxygenation.
      C)
      Reduced metabolic rate and enhanced liver function.
      D)
      Increased insulin sensitivity and decreased lactic acid production.
    3. A nurse is explaining the pathophysiology of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) to a group of newly licensed nurses. Which of the following statements by the nurse is accurate?
      A)
      "A deregulated cytokine storm causes an inflammatory response."
      B)
      The major organ prone to injury during SIRS is the appendix."
      C)
      "Activation of the inflammatory cascade causes increased perfusion."
      D)
      "Spleen dysfunction causes blood clotting issues."
    4. In emergency medicine, triage is a process of:
      A)
      Providing emotional support to patients and their families during emergencies
      B)
      Performing surgical procedures on patients with life-threatening injuries
      C)
      Assessing and prioritizing patients based on the severity of their condition
      D)
      Administering medication to patients in critical condition
    Page 4 of 12

    Exam Review

    1. A patient who has undergone CPR does not follow commands after the return of spontaneous circulation. What is the recommended intervention to decrease mortality and improve neurologic outcomes in this situation?
      A)
      To increase body temperature and promote cardiac function
      B)
      To improve respiratory function and oxygenation
      C)
      To administer medications and stabilize blood pressure
      D)
      To induce hypothermia through targeted temperature management
    2. In SIRS and MODS, why is there an increased need for calories?
      A)
      To reduce inflammation in the body
      B)
      Because the total energy expenditure is often increased 1 1/2 to 2 times
      C)
      To decrease the metabolic rate
      D)
      To prevent infection in the body
    3. Which of the following statements accurately describes acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)?
      A)
      Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a progressive form of acute respiratory failure where the alveolar-capillary membrane becomes damaged and more permeable to intravascular fluid.
      B)
      ARDS is a chronic and slowly progressive form of respiratory failure.
      C)
      ARDS is primarily caused by bacterial infections in the lungs.
      D)
      ARDS occurs when the alveolar-capillary membrane becomes less permeable to intravascular fluid.
    4. A patient diagnosed with Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) secondary to SIRS, at risk of progressing to Multi-Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS) is admitted for treatment. The susceptibility to nephrotoxic effects necessitates vigilant nursing care.
      A)
      Which nursing intervention is essential in preventing additional kidney damage in this patient?
      B)
      Increase the frequency of vital signs monitoring to detect SIRS-related changes.
      C)
      Carefully monitor and document the patient's serum drug levels to avoid toxicity.
      D)
      Administer nephrotoxic medications early in the day to facilitate drug clearance.
      E)
      Prioritize nutritional support
    Page 5 of 12

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is providing care for a client experiencing obstructive shock. Which of the following diagnoses should the nurse expect?
      A)
      Cardiac tamponade
      B)
      Ruptured aneurysm
      C)
      Third spacing
      D)
      Myocardial infarction
    2. Which trauma levels imply that the patient can wait an hour or more to be seen?
      A)
      Trauma Level 1 and 2
      B)
      Trauma Level 1 only
      C)
      Trauma Level 3 to 5
      D)
      Trauma Level 2 and 3
    3. Which medication classes may be used to treat ARDS?(Select All that Apply.)
      A)
      Antidepressants
      B)
      Anticoagulants
      C)
      Bronchodilators
      D)
      Antibiotics
      E)
      Diuretics
      F)
      Antidiabetic medications
      G)
      Antiemetics
      H)
      Corticosteroids
    4. What is hypercapnic respiratory failure?
      A)
      A condition in which there is excessive carbon dioxide in the bloodstream leading to unconsciousness
      B)
      A condition in which there is inadequate oxygen availability to the tissues
      C)
      A condition in which there is insufficient removal of carbon dioxide from the body
      D)
      A condition in which there is low arterial oxygen tension (PaO2)
    Page 6 of 12