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    Exam Review

    1. A nurse in a clinic is caring for a client who has gastroenteritis. The nurse compares the client's condition from two days ago and today. Which of the following changes should the nurse report to the provider?
      A)
      The client is confused and appears weak.
      B)
      The client's oral mucosa is dry and tongue is furrowed.
      C)
      The client's lungs are clear bilaterally.
      D)
      The client's abdomen is soft and nontender.
    2. A nurse is caring for a client who has gastroenteritis and is reviewing the client's findings from two days ago and today. Which of the following findings require immediate follow-up?
      A)
      The client is confused and appears weak.
      B)
      The client's oral mucosa is dry and tongue is furrowed.
      C)
      The client's temperature is 37.4° C (99.3° F).
      D)
      The client's blood pressure is 90/58 mm Hg.
    3. A nurse on a medical surgical unit is caring for a client who has a small bowel obstruction and is receiving parenteral nutrition through a central venous catheter. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? (Select all that apply)
      (SATA)
      A)
      Observe for dyspnea.
      B)
      Infuse parenteral nutrition by gravity.
      C)
      Administer parenteral nutrition solution within 30 min after removing from the refrigerator.
      D)
      Change parenteral nutrition bag and infusion tubing every 72 hr.
      E)
      Begin infusion of parenteral nutrition once central venous catheter position is confirmed by radiology.
    4. A nurse is providing teaching about dietary modifications to a client who has cholecystitis. The nurse should include which of the following foods as appropriate for the client's diet?
      A)
      Ground beef
      B)
      Graham crackers
      C)
      Blueberry muffins
      D)
      2% milk
    Page 1 of 15

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is providing teaching about the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet to a client who has hypertension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
      A)
      Limit sodium intake to 3,200 milligrams per day.
      B)
      Increase intake of refined carbohydrates.
      C)
      Consume foods that are high in calcium.
      D)
      Consume ten percent of total calories from saturated fat.
    2. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving intermittent enteral feedings and reports constipation. The nurse notes that the client's fluid intake is 1,500 mL and urinary output is 1,400 mL in the past 24 hr. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
      A)
      Change the feeding to a continuous infusion.
      B)
      Increase the amount of free water.
      C)
      Decrease the infusion rate of feeding.
      D)
      Request a prescription for a diuretic.
    3. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving intermittent enteral feedings and reports constipation. The nurse notes that the client's fluid intake is 1,500 mL and urinary output is 1,400 mL in the past 24 hr. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
      A)
      Change the feeding to a continuous infusion.
      B)
      Increase the amount of free water.
      C)
      Decrease the infusion rate of feeding.
      D)
      Request a prescription for a diuretic.
    4. A nurse in a long-term care facility is implementing a nutrition plan for a client who is at risk for malnutrition. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan? (Select all that apply)
      (SATA)
      A)
      Administer antiemetics following the meal.
      B)
      Provide mouth care before feeding.
      C)
      Assess for pain prior to mealtime.
      D)
      Remove the bedpan from the client's sight.
      E)
      Discourage snacks between meals.
    Page 2 of 15

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is providing teaching about a weight reduction plan to a client who is obese and has type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
      A)
      I should reduce my caloric intake by 200 calories a day to lose 1 pound a week.
      B)
      I need to lose 5 percent of my body weight to improve my glycemic control.
      C)
      I must exercise for 30 minutes three times a week to lose 1 pound per week.
      D)
      If my blood glucose level drops during exercise, I should drink 16 ounces of apple juice.
    2. A nurse is providing calorie-count information to a client who has a BMI of 35. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
      A)
      You should consume high-calorie foods early in the day.
      B)
      You should limit carbohydrate intake to 30 grams per day.
      C)
      You should consume 500 fewer calories per day.
      D)
      You should follow a liquid meal plan for 4 weeks.
    3. A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney disease about dietary needs. Which of the following foods should the nurse identify as being lowest in phosphorus?
      A)
      Bran cereal
      B)
      Medium apple
      C)
      Scrambled eggs
      D)
      Ground turkey
    4. A nurse is providing teaching about formula feeding to the parents of an infant. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
      A)
      If the infant turns away after taking most of the feeding, stop the feeding.
      B)
      Formula should be changed to whole milk when the infant is 9 months old.
      C)
      Formula that remains in the bottle should be used for one more feeding.
      D)
      If the infant is gaining weight too rapidly, dilute the formula.
    Page 3 of 15

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is teaching a group of nurses about the dietary practices to consider when planning care for clients who follow a kosher diet. Which of the following dietary practices should the nurse include in the teaching?
      A)
      The client's primary vegetables are squash and corn.
      B)
      The client can eat ’eat and nondairy margarine together.
      C)
      The client replaces salt with soy sauce.
      D)
      The client uses their right hand when eating food.
    2. A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of a newborn who has gastroesophageal reflux. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
      A)
      "Provide a small feeding just before bedtime."
      B)
      "Position the newborn at a 20-degree angle after feeding."
      C)
      "Place the newborn in a side-lying position if vomiting."
      D)
      "Dilute formula with 1 tablespoon of water."
    3. A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has iron deficiency anemia. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
      A)
      Cooking in a stainless-steel skillet increases the amount of iron in the food.
      B)
      Drinking orange juice with iron supplements can decrease absorption.
      C)
      Drinking iced tea with meals can increase the amount of iron absorbed.
      D)
      Fish and poultry are primary sources of heme iron.
    4. A nurse is caring for a client who had a stroke with left-sided paralysis and is at risk for dysphagia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
      A)
      Elevate the head of the client's bed.
      B)
      Use a syringe to give the client fluids.
      C)
      Instruct the client to chew on the left side of their mouth.
      D)
      Instruct the client to swallow with their head tilted back.
    Page 4 of 15

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is initiating continuous enteral feedings for a client who has a new gastrostomy tube. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
      A)
      Measure the client's gastric residual every 12 hr.
      B)
      Keep the client's head elevated at 15° during feedings.
      C)
      Obtain the client's electrolyte levels every 4 hr.
      D)
      Flush the client's tube with 30 mL of water every 4 hr.
    2. A nurse in the emergency department is assessing a young adult client who was administered a hypotonic IV fluid bolus for rehydration after collapsing at an athletic event. Which of the following findings indicates the client is experiencing water intoxication?
      A)
      Hypernatremia
      B)
      Weak pulses
      C)
      Exaggerated reflexes
      D)
      Muscle weakness
    3. A nurse is caring for a client who has fluid volume deficit and is receiving a continuous IV infusion. Which of the following findings indicates the treatment has been effective?
      A)
      Oliguria
      B)
      Elastic skin turgor
      C)
      Tachycardia
      D)
      Dry mucous membranes
    4. A nurse is assessing a client who has a wound that is not healing. Which of the following dietary supplements should the nurse recommend?
      A)
      Calcium
      B)
      Potassium
      C)
      Vitamin C
      D)
      Vitamin D
    Page 5 of 15

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is providing nutritional education to a client who is obese. The nurse should include in the information that which of the following gastrointestinal disorders is commonly associated with obesity?
      A)
      Crohn's disease
      B)
      Celiac disease
      C)
      Peptic ulcer disease
      D)
      Gastroesophageal reflux disease
    2. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who has been following a Mediterranean diet and exercising to manage cardiovascular disease. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse identify as a positive outcome of the client's interventions?
      A)
      Increased glucose levels
      B)
      Increased HDL le’els
      C)
      Increased LDL levels
      D)
      Increased triglyceride levels
    3. A nurse is teaching a client who has anemia about beverages that enhance the absorption of nonheme iron. Which of the following beverages should the nurse include in the teaching?
      A)
      Green tea
      B)
      Orange juice
      C)
      Coffee
      D)
      Milk
    4. A nurse is caring for a client who has myasthenia gravis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
      A)
      Provide the client with food cut into small bites.
      B)
      Instruct the client to take prescribed anticholinesterase with meals.
      C)
      Position the head of the client's bed to 40° while eating.
      D)
      Encourage the client to lie down a’ter eating.
    Page 6 of 15