NursGuru

    Exam Review

    1. The nurse assesses a young adult female who was brought to the emergency department (ED) by her boyfriend because she has not been feeling well all day and he believes she is getting worse. Which finding supports the nurse's suspicion that the client is experiencing appendicitis?
      A)
      Periumbilical pain localizing to right lower quadrant.
      B)
      Anorexia a progressing to nausea, vomiting, and fever.
      C)
      Diffuse abdominal pain with elevated neutrophil count.
      D)
      Sudden onset of severe anxiety, fear, and concern.
    2. A nurse performs a Tinetti assessment on an older adult client and calculates a balance score of 12 and a gait score of 8. Which do these results indicate?
      A)
      Likely onset of Parkinson's disease.
      B)
      Need for a walker to aid in ambulation.
      C)
      Expected results for an older adult.
      D)
      Increased risk for falling.
    3. The school nurse is teaching a group of female students about the female reproductive system. A student asks how she will know she is starting puberty. Which information should the nurse discuss?
      A)
      A dark line of pigmentation occurs along the midline of the abdomen.
      B)
      Weight gain becomes obvious as the hip circumference increases.
      C)
      The areolar color of the nipples changes from pink to dark brown.
      D)
      The development of breast buds will form under the nipples.
    4. The nurse plans to assess a client's ability to think abstractly. Which question or statement is likely to provide the best information about the client's abstract thinking?
      A)
      "Count backwards by 7, starting with 100."
      B)
      "Has anyone come to visit you today?"
      C)
      "In what year were you born?"
      D)
      "What does, "The early bird catches the worm," mean?"

    Exam Review

    1. The nurse is performing a head-to-toe physical examination on a known victim of intimate partner violence. The visual exam reveals several round, flat, pinpoint, red spots. How should the nurse document this finding?
      A)
      Ecchymosis.
      B)
      Hematoma.
      C)
      Petechiae.
      D)
      Vesicle.
    2. The nurse observes that the lower legs of a client with diabetes mellitus are shiny, and with no hair growth. To obtain additional data to support these findings, which assessment should the nurse perform?
      A)
      Ask if the client often feels weak or hungry.
      B)
      Compare the range of motion of both legs.
      C)
      Measure the client's capillary glucose.
      D)
      Palpate the client's dorsalis pedis pulses.
    3. When performing a skin and nail exam on an older adult female client, the nurse notes that she has longitudinal ridges on her fingernails. Which does this finding indicate?
      A)
      An expected variation.
      B)
      Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
      C)
      Psoriasis.
      D)
      Fungal infection.
    4. The nurse is assessing older adult clients in a community health clinic. Which assessment finding is an indicator for immediate medical follow-up?
      A)
      A change in awareness of surroundings.
      B)
      Reduced fine motor skills.
      C)
      A negative Babinski reflex.
      D)
      Diminished short term memory over the past year.

    Exam Review

    1. An older adult client is being evaluated for admission to an assisted living facility. During the health assessment, the nurse implements which technique to determine the client's ability to reside in this environment?
      A)
      Instruct client to demonstrate activities of daily living.
      B)
      Screen client for alcohol or controlled drug abuse.
      C)
      Focus questions to evaluate long term memory.
      D)
      Evaluate client for side effects of routine medications.
    2. An older adult male client reports nocturia with difficulty starting his urine stream. Which additional assessment should the nurse perform to obtain further data related to this information?
      A)
      Observe the scrotum for swelling.
      B)
      Inspect the urethral meatus for discharge.
      C)
      Question the client about related symptoms.
      D)
      Palpate the inguinal area for a bulge.
    3. The nurse is obtaining a health history for a client being admitted for new onset seizures. Which action should the nurse implement to accurately record the health history findings?
      A)
      Document the client's history that is directly related to current admission diagnoses.
      B)
      Enter the information in the electronic medical record at the client's bedside.
      C)
      Enter subjective data in the note section of the client's electronic medical record.
      D)
      Document the assessment findings on the computer at the nursing station.
    4. To confirm the presence of a barrel chest documented in the client's medical record, which action should the nurse take?
      A)
      Percuss diaphragmatic excursion.
      B)
      Palpate tactile fremitus on the posterior chest.
      C)
      Observe the appearance of the thorax.
      D)
      Auscultate the client's breath sounds.

    Exam Review

    1. When assessing a client's mouth, which finding requires immediate follow-up by the nurse?
      A)
      White, curd-like lesions.
      B)
      Gingival inflammation.
      C)
      Buccal mucosa ulceration.
      D)
      Fruity odor of the breath.
    2. The nurse continues a neurologic assessment of the cranial nerve XI (spinal accessory) for a client as seen in the picture. Which instruction should the nurse give the client to complete this assessment?
      A)
      Shrug shoulders against resistance.
      B)
      Turn head from side to side.
      C)
      Raise both arms overhead.
      D)
      Stand up slowly with eyes closed.
    3. During the admission assessment of an older adult female, the nurse notes the presence of kyphosis. The client tells the nurse that she has a history of osteoporosis. To obtain additional information related to this finding, the nurse should question the client about which additional information in her history?
      A)
      Loss of appetite.
      B)
      Painful swallowing.
      C)
      Weight gain.
      D)
      Decreased height.
    4. The nurse completes inspection of the abdomen on an adult client. Which finding is considered normal for this client?
      A)
      Peristaltic waves.
      B)
      Heterogeneous color.
      C)
      Homogeneous color.
      D)
      Masses.

    Exam Review

    1. A client asks the nurse to look at a mole located on the back. The client tells the nurse that the mole has changed from brown to black and enlarged in size. Which is the priority nursing action?
      A)
      Encourage the client to keep checking the mole with a magnifying mirror.
      B)
      Advise the client to see his healthcare provider (HCP) for immediate evaluation.
      C)
      Offer to teach a family member how to monitor the skin around the mole.
      D)
      Ask the client if he often spends time outside in the sun without a shirt.
    2. Which question by the nurse is likely to elicit the most information regarding a client's use of medications to treat a chronic cough?
      A)
      Have you tried any generic brands of cough syrup?
      B)
      Have you been prescribed any medications for your cough?
      C)
      What medications have you taken for your cough?
      D)
      What medications are you currently taking?
    3. The nurse notes an enlarged, visible lymph node on the client's neck. Which action should the nurse take next?
      A)
      Record this normal finding in the assessment record.
      B)
      Ask the client about any localized tenderness at the site.
      C)
      Auscultate the lymph node for the presence of a bruit.
      D)
      Cover the inflamed area and notify the healthcare provider.
    4. While taking a history on an older adult male client, his wife reports that he is having increasing periods of short-term memory loss and he occasionally gets confused. How should the nurse proceed with an assessment of the client's sensory system?
      A)
      Explain the tests to the wife so she can interpret them for her husband.
      B)
      Assess the client's ability to follow directions before proceeding with the exam.
      C)
      Defer this part of the exam because the results are likely to be invalid.
      D)
      Perform the tests because the client's mental status does not affect sensory status.

    Exam Review

    1. An adult male client tells the nurse that he smokes approximately one pack of cigarettes daily. How can the nurse expect smoking to affect this client's sleep?
      A)
      He would have difficulty falling to sleep, and sleep very lightly with more frequent arousals.
      B)
      He would sleep soundly during the first half of the night, with increased arousals during the second half.
      C)
      Increase sleep latency, and reduce total sleep time.
      D)
      Decrease the need for rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.
    2. While obtaining the health history of a client, the nurse learns the client's father was diagnosed with schizophrenia in his twenties, the same age the client is now. The client hesitates to discuss the topic and answer questions about the father. Which approach is best for the nurse to use to interview the client about mental health concerns?
      A)
      Ask questions in a vague, nonspecific format.
      B)
      Begin with questions that are less sensitive in nature.
      C)
      Share personal values to put the client at ease.
      D)
      Get the most difficult questions over with first.
    3. After checking a client's pupillary response to light, the practical nurse (PN) tells the registered nurse (RN) that the client's pupils are constricted with minimal response to light. Before verifying the PN's findings, which action should the RN take?
      A)
      Review the client's medication list.
      B)
      Assess the client's visual fields.
      C)
      Brighten the light in the client's room.
      D)
      Administer PRN saline eye solution.
    4. When preparing a female client for an abdominal examination, the nurse should provide her with which instruction?
      A)
      "Refrain from eating or drinking for at least thirty minutes."
      B)
      "Lie in a prone position with slightly flexed knees."
      C)
      "Empty your bladder just prior to the examination."
      D)
      "Exhale slowly through your mouth then hold your breath."