Exam Review
- An older adult client arrives at the outpatient eye surgery clinic for a right cataract extraction and lens implant. During the immediate postoperative period, which intervention should the nurse implement?A)Encourage deep breathing and coughing exercises.B)Teach a family member to administer eye drops.C)Provide an eye shield to be worn while sleepingD)Obtain vital signs every 2 hours during hospitalization.
- A client with pancreatitis is receiving 0.9% normal saline, and the prescribed IV infusion rate was increased from 100 mL/hour to 150 mL/hour. Which assessment finding indicates to the nurse that the prescription has a therapeutic outcome? Reference Range: Blood glucose (70 to 110 mg/dL (less than 6.1 mmol/L)] Amylase [60 to 120 units/dL (30 to 220 units/L)] Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) [10 to 20 mg/dL (3.6 to 7.1 mmol/L)] Hematocrit (HCT) [42% to 52% (0.42 to 0.52 volume fraction)]A)An increase in the hematocrit (HCT) from 42% (0.42 volume fraction) to 52% (0.52 volume fraction).B)An increase in the blood glucose level from 130 mg/dl. (7.22 mmol/L).C)A decrease in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) from 36 mg/dL (12.9 mmol/L) to 23 mg/dL (8.21 mmol/L).D)A decrease in serum amylase from 24 units/dl (240 units) to 12 units/dl. (120 units/L);
- While changing the dressing of a client who is immobile, the nurse notices the boundary of the wound has increased. Before reporting this finding to the healthcare provider, the nurse should evaluate which of the client's laboratory values?A)Neutrophil count.B)C-reactive protein level.C)Platelet count.D)Serum potassium and sodium levels.
- The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client taking a prescribed diuretic for edema in the lower extremities. Which instruction should the nurse include in this teaching plan?A)Take the diuretic every day, regardless of weight loss or muscle weakness.B)Weigh yourself daily at the same time and report excessive weight loss.C)Limit fluid intake while taking the diuretic to reduce fluid retention.D)Stop taking the medication when the edema in the lower extremities subsides.
Exam Review
- The nurse is evaluating a client's symptoms, and formulates the nursing problem, "High risk for injury due to potential urinary tract infection." Which symptoms indicate the need for this nursing problem?A)Straining on urination and nocturiaB)Azotemia and anorexia.C)Hematuria and proteinuria.D)Fever and dysuria.
- The healthcare provider prescribes cefazolin 800 mg IM every six hours. The available vial is labeled, "Cefazolin 1 gram," and the instructions for reconstitution state, For IM use add 2.5 mL sterile water for Injection to provide a total volume of 3.0 mL. After reconstitution, the solution contains how many mg/mL? Enter numeric value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest whole number.)Correct Answer:333 mg/mL
- The nurse is assessing a client who is newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism. Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention?A)Weight gain.B)Hypoventilation.C)Cold intolerance.D)Lethargy
- The nurse reviews discharge instructions with a client who has gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which instruction is most important for the nurse to emphasize?A)Minimize intake of spicy foods.B)Remain upright following meals.C)Avoid wearing tight fitting clothes.D)Begin a smoking cessation program.
Exam Review
- An adult client is admitted to the medical unit due to rectal bleeding after a colonoscopy in which a polyp was biopsied and cauterized. Which Intervention should the nurse do first?A)Palpate all peripheral pulses in the extremities.B)Encourage cough and deep breathing exercises.C)Complete a focused assessment of the abdomen.D)Initiate measurement of fluid intake and output.
- While assessing a client following lithotripsy with stent insertion, which data indicates to the nurse that the procedure was successful?A)Stone fragments are collected when straining the client's urine.B)Client denies urinary frequency, urgency, or dysuria.C)Urine is pale pink with no observable blood clots.D)Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels are within normal limits.
- A client is receiving a secondary infusion of vancomycin 1,500 mg in 250 ml to be infused over two hours. The IV administration set delivers 15 gtt/mL. How many gtt/min should the nurse regulate the Infusion? (Enter numerical value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest whole number.)
- A client who is obese reports severe pain and is unable to bear weight in the right ankle after making dietary changes 3 weeks ago for weight loss. The client's medical history indudes hypertension, gouty arthritis, and cholecystitis. Which instruction should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?A)Decrease consumption of red meat and most seafood.B)Replace dietary table salt with salt substitutes.C)Limit use of mobility equipment to avoid muscle atrophy.D)Wrap joints with elastic bandage when swollen.
Exam Review
- A client recovering from cardiac surgery experiences a dysrhythmia, noted on the telemetry monitor. Which assessment finding is most likely to have contributed to the development of the dysrhythmia? Reference Range: Total Calcium [8.4 to 10.6 mg/dL (2.10 to 2.50 mmol/L)] Sodium [136 to 145 mEq/L (136 to 145 mmol/L)] Potassium (K+) [3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L (3.5 to 5.0 mmol/L)]A)Calcium level 7.2 mg/dL (1.8 mmol/L).B)Potassium level 3.8 mg/dl. (3.8 mmol)C)Sodium level 140 mEq/L (140mmol/L).D)Oxygen saturation level 97%.
- A client admitted with thyrotoxicosis is reporting a "pounding heart in the chest." Which assessment finding warrants immediate intervention by the nurse?A)AnxietyB)HyperglycemiaC)FeverD)Dyspnea.
- A client with chronic venous insufficiency is being discharged from the hospital, and plans to return home. Which client statement indicates an understanding of home care instructions?A)"I will lift weights every other day."B)"I will be able to stand as long as my legs do not hurt."C)"I will avoid sitting and crossing my legs."D)"I will need to get someone to walk my dog."
- After being transferred from the emergency department to a medical unit, a client vomits into an emesis basin. The nurse observes the emesis as seen in the picture. Which assessment should the nurse complete first?A)Obtain current vital signs.B)Measure abdominal girth.C)Observe for flushingD)Auscultate breath sounds.
Exam Review
- The nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of the incentive spirometer implemented in the client's plan of care. Which outcome statement best describes the effectiveness of the incentive spirometer?A)Client's breath sounds are clear to auscultation bilaterally.B)Client exhibits a frequent productive cough.C)Client demonstrates proper use of an incentive spirometer.D)Client reports using the incentive spirometer every hour while awake.
- The nurse is collecting a urine specimen for a client with symptoms related to urethritis. Which collection method should the nurse implement?A)First voided specimen in the morning.B)A clean catch specimen.C)Any specimen voided after drinking adequate fluids.D)A 24-hour specimen.
- The client's laboratory results indicate that the serum potassium level is 2.5 mEq/L (2.5 mmol/L). Which action should the nurse take? Reference Range: Potassium (K+) [3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L (3.5 to 5.0 mmol/L)]A)Prepare to administer a glucose, then insulin, then potassium infusion.B)Inform the healthcare provider of the need for potassium replacement.C)Instruct the client to Increase dally Intake of potassium rich foods.D)Change the plan of care to Include hourly urinary output measurements.
- The nurse establishes a nursing problem of "Fatigue related to inability to rest comfortably secondary to rheumatoid arthritis." Which nursing intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care for this client?A)Assist the client with learning how to set priorities and pace activities.B)Instruct the client about the importance of maintaining bedrest.C)Consult the discharge planner about transferring the client to an assisted living center.D)Offer assurance that the fatigue inducing stage of the disease does not last.
Exam Review
- A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has become extremely dyspneic. After determining that the client is in high- Fowler's position and is receiving oxygen via nasal cannula at 2 liters/minute, which immediate action should the nurse take?A)Increase the client's oxygen to 6 liters/minute.B)Obtain a stat arterial blood gas.C)Lower the bed to a semi-Fowler's position.D)Encourage the client to use pursed-lip breathing.
- The drainage in the chest tube of a client with emphysema has changed from viscous green to clear watery fluid. Which action is best for the nurse to tak?A)Schedule a portable chest x-ray per PRN protocol.B)Maintain the current IV antibiotic schedule.C)Obtain a specimen of the drainage for culture.D)"Milk" the tube to remove any clots.
- A client is admitted to the emergency department 5 days after an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) troubled by severe fatigue, muscle weakness, and shortness of breath. The client's electrocardiogram (ECG) Indicates sinus tachycardia and the laboratory findings indicate an elevated serum brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level. Which action is most important for the nurse to implement?A)Insert an indwelling urinary catheter.B)Obtain blood for serum cardiac enzymes.C)Provide emotional support.D)Auscultate lung fields for fine rales.
- The nurse assesses an adult client 24 hours following abdominal surgery and finds the client's blood pressure is 98/40 mm Hg. The client is tachycardiac, restless, and irritable. Which action should the nurse perform first?A)Ensure the IV solution is infusing at the prescribed rate.B)Listen to lung sounds.C)Notify the healthcare provider of the findings.D)Check under the back for evidence of bleeding.