Exam Review
- Following a motor vehicle accident, a client with chest trauma receives a chest tube to relieve a hemothorax. Two hours following the chest tube insertion, the nurse observes the water level in the water-seal chamber is rising during inspiration and falling during expiration. Which action should the nurse implement?A)Auscultate lungs for unequal breath sounds.B)Continue to monitor the drainage system.C)Lift and clear drainage from the chest tube.D)Inspect the tube insertion site for leaking.
- A client with a cervical spinal injury (C7) is experiencing autonomic dysreflexia. The nurse should first assess the client for which precipitating factor?A)An acutely distended bladder.B)Profuse forehead diaphoresis.C)Skeletal traction misalignment.D)A severe pounding headache.
- The healthcare provider prescribes regular insulin 10 units/hr IV. The IV solution contains 100 units of regular insulin in 100 mL of 0.9% normal saline. How many mL/hr should the nurse program the infusion pump? (Enter numerical value only.)Correct Answer:10 mL/hr
- The nurse is admitting a client with possible tuberculosis (TB). The client is placed in a private room with airborne precautions pending diagnostic test results. Which diagnostic test should the nurse review to confirm the diagnosis of TB?A)Sputum culture positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis.B)Hemoccult test on sputum collected from hemoptysis.C)Chest x-ray or computed tomography (CT).D)Positive purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test.
Exam Review
- Lactulose was prescribed two days ago for a client who was recently diagnosed with hepatic encephalopathy. The client is confused and experiencing frequent loose stools. Laboratory findings show an elevated serum ammonia (NH) level of 220 μg/dL (157.1 μmol/dL). Which action should the nurse take? Reference Range: Ammonia [10 to 80 μg/dL (6 to 47 μmol/L)]A)Hold the next dose of lactulose.B)Continue the prescribed dose of lactulose.C)Replace total volume voided with oral or IV fluids.D)Report the number of diarrhea stools to the healthcare provider (HCP).
- The nurse is obtaining the admission history for a client with suspected peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Which subjective data reported by the client supports this disease process?A)Severe abdominal cramps and diarrhea after eating spicy foods.B)B Frequent use of chewable and liquid antacids for indigestion.C)Upper mid abdominal pain described as gnawing and burning.D)Marked loss of weight and appetite over the last 3 or 4 months.
- A client with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is preparing for discharge following a transurethral needle ablation (TUNA). Which information should the nurse include in the discharge instructions?A)Restrict physical activities.B)Use incentive spirometer.C)Report when hematuria becomes pink tinged.D)Monitor urinary stream for decrease in output.
- The nurse is caring for a client receiving thrombolytic therapy following an acute myocardial infarction (MI). Which nursing problem should the nurse identify as priority for this client?A)Risk for injury related to effects of thrombolysis.B)Activity intolerance related to ischemia.C)Ineffective breathing pattern related to adverse drug effects.D)Deficient knowledge related to a new medication regimen.
Exam Review
- The nurse is caring for a client who had an appendectomy 4 hours ago. Which finding requires immediate action by the nurse?A)High-pitched sound heard upon inspiration.B)Apical heart rate of 100 to 110 beats/minute.C)Redness and edema noted at the incision site.D)Pain rating of 8 on a scale of 0 to 10.
- An adult client newly diagnosed with left ventricular dysfunction is admitted to the hospital with fine rales and wheezing. When assessing this client, which additional finding is the nurse likely to obtain?A)Fatigue.B)Lower extremity edema.C)Hepatomegaly.D)Jugular vein distension.
- A client with a right ulnar fracture and cast placement reports an increase in arm pain. Which action should the nurse take next?A)Implement distraction techniques.B)Assess right radial pulse volume.C)Administer a PRN analgesic.D)Measure the blood pressure.
- A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus arrives to the clinic reporting episodes of weakness and palpitations. Which finding is most important for the nurse to monitor?A)Cold hands and feet.B)Myalgia in wrists and hands.C)Excessive perspiration.D)Dark yellow urine.
Exam Review
- A client asks the nurse for information about how to reduce risk factors for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Which information should the nurse provide?A)Increase physical activity.B)Take vitamin supplements.C)Consume a high protein diet.D)Obtain a prostate-specific antigen blood level test.
- In assessing a client with skin ulcers on the lower extremity, which findings indicate that the ulcers are likely to be of venous, rather than arterial, origin?A)Absent pedal pulses and shiny skin.B)Irregular ulcer shapes and severe edema.C)Hairless lower extremities and cool feet.D)Black ulcers and dependent rubor.
- A family suspects that AIDS dementia is occurring in their adult child who is HIV positive. Which symptom confirms the suspicion?A)Exhibits angry outbursts when the subject of dying is approached.B)Increased intervals of sleep 18 out of 24 hours.C)A change has recently occurred in handwriting.D)Refuses to see friends or to return their phone calls.
- Five months following treatment for herpes zoster, an older adult client tells the home health nurse of continuing to experience pain where the rash occurred. Which action should the nurse implement?A)Teach the client about phantom pain symptoms.B)Perform a complete mental status exam.C)Determine if the client has had a shingles vaccination.D)Complete an assessment of the client's pain.
Exam Review
- A client who reports feeling chronically fatigued has a hemoglobin of 10 g/dL (110 mmol/L). hematocrit of 34% (0.34 volume fraction), and microcytic and hypochromic red blood cells (RBCs). Based on these findings, which dinner selection should the nurse suggest to the client? Reference Range. Hemoglobin (Hgb) [16 to 18 g/dL (160 to 180 g/L)] Hematocrit (Hct) [42% to 52% (0.42 to 0.52 volume fraction)] 9000A)Broiled white fish with a baked sweet potato.B)Cheese pasta and a lettuce and tomato salad.C)Grilled shrimp and seasoned rice with asparagus salad.D)Beef steak with steamed broccoli and orange slices.
- A postoperative client reports incisional pain. The client has two prescriptions for PRN analgesia that accompanied the client from the postanesthesia unit. Before selecting which medication to administer, which action should the nurse implement?A)Determine which prescription will have the quickest onset of action.B)Compare the client's pain scale rating with the prescribed dosing.C)Document the client's report of pain in the electronic medical record.D)Ask the client to choose which medication is needed for the pain.
- A client who had a biliopancreatic diversion procedure (BDP) 3 months ago is admitted with severe dehydration. Which assessment finding warrants immediate intervention by the nurse?A)Loose bowel movements.B)Occult positive emesis.C)Strong foul smelling flatus.D)Report of poor night vision.
- A client with rheumatoid arthritis has an elevated serum rheumatoid factor. Which interpretation of this finding should the nurse make?A)Confirmation of the autoimmune disease process.B)Representative of a decline in the client's condition.C)Evidence of spread of the disease to the kidneys.D)Indication of the onset of joint degeneration.
Exam Review
- A client with metastatic cancer reports a pain level of 10 on a scale of 0 to 10. Twenty minutes after the nurse administers an IV analgesic, the client reports no pain relief. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to include in this client's plan of care?A)Replace transdermal analgesic patches every 72 hours.B)Administer analgesics on a fixed and continuous schedule.C)Monitor client for break through pain.D)Frequently evaluate the client's pain.
- In providing discharge teaching to a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which instruction is most important for the nurse to emphasize?A)Notify the healthcare provider of any change in sputum color.B)Stay in the house if the outdoor temperature is hot and humid.C)Avoid going outdoors whenever the pollen count is high.D)Keep a food diary for one week and bring to next appointment.
- While completing a health assessment for a young adult female with acute appendicitis, the client informs the nurse that there is a chance that she may be pregnant. The operating team is preparing to take the client to surgery. Which intervention should the nurse implement immediately?A)Continue with surgery as scheduled.B)Notify the surgical team to cancel the surgery.C)Perform a bedside pregnancy test.D)Calculate gestation from last menstrual cycle.
- The nurse is evaluating a client's understanding of diet teaching about the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) eating plan. Which behavior indicates that the dient is adhering to the eating plan?A)Carefully cleans and peels all fresh fruit and vegetables.B)Uses only lactose free dairy products.C)Enjoys fat free yogurt as an occasional snack food.D)No longer includes grains in daily diet.