NursGuru

    Exam Review

    1. Edward is a 20-year-old college student. The student’s roommates tell the school nurse that their friend has seemed more moody than usual since a grandparent died of a COVID-19 infection last month. They also report that the patient sleeps all day and sometimes doesn’t wake up until noon or later. They tell the nurse that they invite the patient to go with them to the dining hall most meals, but he declines most of the time and, when he does go, he will only eat a few bites. Edward admits to feeling “empty most days” in the last month and has skipped many of his classes due to feeling “too tired to attend.” Edward reports that he “doesn’t do much most days” and that “nothing is really fun anymore.” The nonverbal cues that therapy and medication are working for Edward include (select all that apply):
      (SATA)
      A)
      His ADLs have improved and he is hopeful in his interactions with others when discussing the future.
      B)
      He is less tearful and able to discuss openly the loss of his grandfather with friends and in group.
      C)
      He continues to isolate.
      D)
      He smiles appropriately and interacts with peers.
    2. Mr. Jones is a 35-year-old male with severe depression and has had failed treatment with SSRIs such as Citalopram (Celexa) and Fluoxetine (Prozac). He has a passive concentration and anhedonia. He has also lost 20 lbs in the last 3 months and has a poor appetite. He is scheduled for ECT tomorrow, and you are his nurse. Some important considerations prior to ECT may be on a Pre-Op checklist that the nurse completes and some interventions include (select all that apply):
      (SATA)
      A)
      Advising the patient he will have permanent memory loss.
      B)
      Authorizing MD signs off medical clearance that may require pre-op checklist to include EKG or lab work.
      C)
      Signed informed consent by MD and patient and nurse follows up using “Teach Back Method” answering any further post-op or pre-op questions.
      D)
      NPO after midnight and hold all meds unless specified such as a sip of water and blood pressure pill ordered by MD.
    3. Mr. Greene is an 85-year-old male placed on a 5150 by the crisis team after his nurse called them. He has taken a fall in his driveway after his dialysis. He has end-stage kidney disease, diabetes, and a history of myocardial infarction 4 years ago. He was living alone until his home health nurse found him crying out in pain, clutching onto his leg in the kitchen. “I’m so tired,” he says. Some yes or no questions on the geriatric depression scale may include (select all that apply):
      (SATA)
      A)
      Do you feel your life is empty?
      B)
      Are you on a low cholesterol diet?
      C)
      Have you dropped your activities or interests?
      D)
      Do you feel happy most of the time?
    4. Mr. Greene is an 85-year-old male placed on a 5150 by the crisis team after his nurse called them. He has taken a fall in his driveway after his dialysis. He has end-stage kidney disease, diabetes, and a history of myocardial infarction 4 years ago. He was living alone until his home health nurse found him crying out in pain, clutching onto his leg in the kitchen. “I’m so tired,” he says. You are assessing Mr. Greene’s ability to self-administer insulin. What actions observed and documented by the nursing staff make him a candidate for self-administration of insulin safely? (select all that apply)
      (SATA)
      A)
      If he has memory retention and neurological evaluation that has demonstrated understanding of how to follow sliding scale and recognize proper dosage, use, and potential side effects of insulin.
      B)
      If he states “I can do it” but has severe hand tremors.
      C)
      If he demonstrates this over a period of time successfully using the “Teach Back” method by a number of staff or visiting nurse.
      D)
      If he no longer is actively suicidal and has hand-eye coordination that is accurate.

    Exam Review

    1. Edward is a 20-year-old college student. The student’s roommates tell the school nurse that their friend has seemed more moody than usual since a grandparent died of a COVID-19 infection last month. They also report that the patient sleeps all day and sometimes doesn’t wake up until noon or later. They tell the nurse that they invite the patient to go with them to the dining hall most meals, but he declines most of the time and, when he does go, he will only eat a few bites. Edward admits to feeling “empty most days” in the last month and has skipped many of his classes due to feeling “too tired to attend.” Edward reports that he “doesn’t do much most days” and that “nothing is really fun anymore.” The nonverbal cues that therapy and medication are working for Edward include (select all that apply):
      (SATA)
      A)
      His ADLs have improved and he is hopeful in his interactions with others when discussing the future.
      B)
      He is less tearful and able to discuss openly the loss of his grandfather with friends and in group.
      C)
      He continues to isolate.
      D)
      He smiles appropriately and interacts with peers.
    2. Mr. Jones is a 35-year-old male with severe depression and has had failed treatment with SSRIs such as Citalopram (Celexa) and Fluoxetine (Prozac). He has a passive suicide ideation and has recently been unemployed after his anergia, poor concentration, and anhedonia. He has also lost 20 lbs in the last 3 months and has a poor appetite. He is scheduled for ECT tomorrow, and you are his nurse. Some important considerations prior to ECT may be on a Pre-Op checklist that the nurse completes and some interventions include (select all that apply):
      (SATA)
      A)
      Advising the patient he will have permanent memory loss
      B)
      Authorizing MD signs off medical clearance that may require pre-op checklist to include EKG or lab work
      C)
      Signed informed consent by MD and patient and nurse follows up using “Teach Back Method” answering any further post-op or pre-op questions
      D)
      NPO after midnight and hold all meds unless specified such as a sip of water and blood pressure pill ordered by MD
    3. Which statement is TRUE about how air enters the lungs?
      A)
      When the air diffuses through the lung tissue, the adjoining air replaces the diffused air in the lungs.
      B)
      The pressure of the air in the bronchus blows open the bronchioles causing air to move into the lungs.
      C)
      When the lungs expand, the pressure inside the lungs becomes negative compared to the atmospheric pressure causing air to enter the lung
      D)
      The muscles of the diaphragm contract causing a sympathetic constriction of the lungs and resultant movement of air.
    4. What is the CORRECT statement of how blood flows through the heart?
      A)
      Blood flows from the body into the right atrium, to the left atrium, to the left ventricle, to the lungs, to the right ventricle, to all parts of the body.
      B)
      Blood flows from the body into the right atrium, to the right ventricle, to the lungs, back the left atrium, to the left ventricle, to all parts of the body.
      C)
      Blood flows from the body into the left atrium, to the left ventricle, to the lungs, back to the right atrium, to the right ventricle, to all parts of the body.
      D)
      Blood flows from the body into the left atrium, to the right atrium, to the right ventricle, to the lungs, to the left ventricle, to all parts of the body

    Exam Review

    1. How do brain cells differ from other cells in the body?
      A)
      The cells send signals to adjoining cells more quickly.
      B)
      The cells function Independently from other cells in the region.
      C)
      The cells do not store glucose as glycogen.
      D)
      The cells are combined in concentric circles that increase with age.
    2. Asthma results in what change in the respiratory system?
      A)
      Paralysis of the bronchial wall.
      B)
      Increased lumen in the alveoli.
      C)
      Dilation of the bronchial tress.
      D)
      Increase in mucus production.
    3. Mr. Jones is a 35-year-old male with severe depression and has had failed treatment with SSRIs such as Citalopram (Celexa) and Fluoxetine (Prozac). He has passive suicide ideation and has recently been unemployed after his anergia, poor concentration, and anhedonia. He has also lost 20 lbs in the last 3 months and has a poor appetite. He is scheduled for ECT tomorrow, and you are his nurse. These non-medication modalities may also be effective for Mr. Jones’ depression, and they include (select all that apply):
      A)
      Supportive friends and family members
      B)
      Attending outpatient therapy or partial hospital program
      C)
      Consistent daily structure and exercise that is not overwhelming
      D)
      Well-balanced diet and restful sleep
    4. What increases the basal metabolic rate in an individual?
      A)
      Starvation.
      B)
      Sleep.
      C)
      Aging process.
      D)
      Stress.

    Exam Review

    1. If a client has stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system, which vital signs would the nurse expect?
      A)
      Heart rate of 56 bpm, respiratory rate of 20/min.
      B)
      Heart rate of 72 bpm, respiratory rate of 12/min.
      C)
      Heart rate of 84 bpm, respiratory rate of 14/min.
      D)
      Heart rate of 120 bpm, respiratory rate of 10/min.
    2. What is the area of the brain that controls thoughts, plans, and behavior?
      A)
      Frontal lobe.
      B)
      Parietal lobe.
      C)
      Occipital lobe.
      D)
      Temporal lobe.
    3. Where does the exchange of gasses occur in the lungs?
      A)
      The capillary network.
      B)
      The alveoli.
      C)
      The bronchioles.
      D)
      The trachea.
    4. What controls the firing of the sinus node to trigger the start of the cardiac cycle?
      A)
      The autonomic nervous system.
      B)
      The ganglionic nervous system.
      C)
      The central nervous system.
      D)
      The somatic nervous system.

    Exam Review

    1. What regulates the distribution of fluid between the interstitial and intracellular compartments?
      A)
      Osmosis.
      B)
      Diffusion.
      C)
      Filtration.
      D)
      Active transport
    2. What controls the body's immune response?
      A)
      Red blood cells.
      B)
      White blood cells.
      C)
      Platelets.
      D)
      Macrophages
    3. What would cause a decrease in the quantity of circulating red blood cells?
      A)
      Change in balance of rest and activity.
      B)
      Decrease in oral intake.
      C)
      Increase in weight bearing on long bones.
      D)
      Inadequate intake of iron.
    4. Chronic hypertension causes which of the following changes in blood vessels?
      A)
      Damage to the tunica intima resulting in swelling and intravascular clotting.
      B)
      Damage to the tunica media resulting in relaxation of 2 the blood
      C)
      Damage to the tunica adventitia resulting in bulging of blood vessels.
      D)
      Damage to the arterioles resulting in Increased flow through blood vessels.

    Exam Review

    1. What is the principle function of blood flow in the cardiovascular system?
      A)
      Bathe the cells in a nutrient rich media for nourishment.
      B)
      Link cells to provide a means of communication with adjoining cells.
      C)
      Maintain acid base balance to achieve homeostasis.
      D)
      Provide oxygen and remove carbon dioxide and waste products.
    2. What controls the rate and depth of respiration in a normal adult?
      A)
      Chemoreceptors in response to the acid-base and oxygen status.
      B)
      The amount of stretch and elastic recoil in the lung muscles.
      C)
      Feedback from cells in peripheral parts of the body during activity.
      D)
      The percentage of oxygen available compared to the amount required by the brain.
    3. Mr. Jones is a 55-year-old divorced white male who was recently fired from his job. He lives alone in an apartment, and his sister, who lives nearby, called the police when she found no food in his refrigerator, his house was in shambles, and he threatened to shoot himself. When the police arrived, they placed him on an involuntary hold 5150 for danger to self (DTS). In the ambulance, his blood pressure is 180/96, his pulse is 96, respirations are 20 with pulse ox at 99%, and his temperature is 98.6. He looks down and is moving around a lot in his chair. Priority discharge planning for Mr. Jones should include: (select all that apply)
      A)
      Netflix canceled by Internet service
      B)
      Release of information signed for family to secure Mr. Jones’ loaded gun or have police secure gun if needed prior to discharge
      C)
      Obtain psychiatric provider follow-up appointment as soon as possible and evaluate for PHP or residential with treatment team
      D)
      Assist in developing a safety plan prior to discharge that is written with phone numbers and interventions
    4. The body's ability to correct an excess or deficit of a metabolic acid depends on normal function of what system?
      A)
      Cardiac system.
      B)
      Neurological system.
      C)
      Endocrine system.
      D)
      Renal system.