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    Exam Review

    1. The nurse is preparing a client for a renal ultrasound.

      ➢ Which of the following statements accurately describes the purpose of this procedure?

      A)
      It measures the concentration of potassium and sodium in the blood.
      B)
      It evaluates the function of the kidneys in producing red blood cells.
      C)
      It evaluates the size, shape, and location of the kidneys, as well as blood flow to the kidneys.
      D)
      It detects abnormal levels of urea in the bloodstream.

    2. A nurse at the family clinic is educating the parent of a 13-year-old on ways to avoid acute asthma attacks for their child.

      ➢ Which statement by the parent indicates effective teaching?

      A)
      “Dogs and cats would be acceptable to have as family pets.”
      B)
      “I can take my child to the mountains to ski.”
      C)
      “My child should use the bronchodilator inhaler 30 minutes before exercise.”
      D)
      “Retractions of the neck, chest or ribs are expected findings during an asthma attack.”

    3. The health care provider (HCP) places an order to administer gentamicin intravenously to a client with acute diverticulitis. It is important the nurse knows that intravenous gentamicin is administered:

      A)
      Over one minute via IV push
      B)
      Over two minutes via IV push
      C)
      As an IV infusion over 15-20 minutes
      D)
      As an IV infusion over 30 minutes to two hours

    4. A nurse is a guest speaker lecturing on accident prevention in school-age children. Which statement by the attendees indicates an understanding of the topic?

      A)
      "School-age children become settled and less adventurous compared to preschoolers."
      B)
      "School-age children are the safest when at home."
      C)
      "School-age children understand dangers when explained to them."
      D)
      "School-age children have less self-control compared to preschoolers."
    Page 1 of 38

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is speaking to parents about their toddler. The parents express concern that the child is becoming independent, stating they want to always tend to the toddler. How should the nurse address the parents' apprehension regarding their toddler's burgeoning independence?

      A)
      “Your child may develop mistrust if not allowed to be independent.”
      B)
      “Your child may develop shame if not allowed to be independent.”
      C)
      “Your child may feel guilt if not allowed to be independent.”
      D)
      “Your child may feel inferior if not allowed to be independent.”

    2. The clinic nurse assesses a 12-month-old infant and notes that the anterior fontanel remains slightly open. The infant's parent asks about the finding. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

      A)
      "I will contact the health care provider (HCP) immediately."
      B)
      "I need to examine your child further."
      C)
      "We will need to obtain an MRI on your child."
      D)
      "This is a normal finding on a child of this age."

    3. The nurse is teaching to a client who has been prescribed compression stockings for chronic venous insufficiency.

      ➢ Which of the following statements by the client would indicate a correct understanding of the teaching?

      A)
      “I should put on the stockings in the early afternoon when the swelling is at its worst.”
      B)
      “I should apply lotion to my legs in the evening after the stockings are removed.”
      C)
      "If the stockings become uncomfortable, I should push them down."
      D)
      “I should make sure that the seam is on the inside of the stocking next to my skin.”

    4. The nurse is caring for a client with a newly applied plaster cast. The nurse should

      A)
      use a small object like a pencil or ruler to itch the leg if it becomes uncomfortable.
      B)
      expedite drying by using a hot blow dryer on the cast.
      C)
      let the cast hang below the heart to promote blood flow.
      D)
      handle the cast with the palms of the hands.
    Page 2 of 38

    Exam Review

    1. The client is diagnosed with acute kidney failure. Which of the following is an appropriate psychosocial problem for the nurse to include in the care plan?

      A)
      Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements related to altered metabolic state and dietary restrictions.
      B)
      Anxiety related to the disease process and uncertainty of prognosis.
      C)
      Excess fluid volume related to compromised regulatory mechanisms secondary to acute renal failure.
      D)
      Risk for infection related to invasive procedures and an altered immune response secondary to renal failure.

    2. The nurse is assessing a client with drooping of their left eyelid. The nurse documents this finding as

      A)
      mydriasis.
      B)
      ptosis.
      C)
      presbyopia.
      D)
      hyphema.

    3. A nurse in the pediatric unit is caring for a client with a gastrointestinal condition where a portion of the bowel folds into itself, causing an obstruction.

      ➢ The nurse would be correct in identifying this condition as which of the following?

      A)
      Intussusception
      B)
      Pyloric stenosis
      C)
      Hirschsprung’s disease
      D)
      Omphalocele

    4. The nurse is assessing a client with a chest tube for crepitus. Which assessment technique is most appropriate for the nurse to perform?

      A)
      Press down on the client’s abdomen, releasing, and assessing for pain.
      B)
      Palpate the skin around the chest tube and observe for a crackling sensation.
      C)
      Auscultating the bowel sounds in each quadrant.
      D)
      Inspect the client’s chest for an even rise and fall.
    Page 3 of 38

    Exam Review

    1. The nurse is caring for a child suspected of having strabismus and is performing a corneal light reflex test.

      ➢ Which finding does the nurse identify as a sign of this condition?

      A)
      Symmetrical pin-point light on each pupil
      B)
      Red reflex in both eyes
      C)
      Asymmetrical pin-point lights on the pupils
      D)
      Sun setting sign

    2. The nurse is caring for a client receiving digoxin.

      ➢ It would be a priority for the nurse to monitor the client's

      A)
      potassium.
      B)
      chloride.
      C)
      sodium.
      D)
      phosphorus.

    3. The nurse is assessing a client with Paget’s disease. Which of the following would be an expected finding?

      A)
      Bone deformities
      B)
      Berry aneurysm
      C)
      Heberden’s nodes
      D)
      Janeway lesions

    4. The nurse is assessing a client who has a pneumothorax.

      ➢ Which of the following assessment findings would support the diagnosis of a pneumothorax?

      A)
      Blood-tinged sputum
      B)
      Increased anterior-posterior diameter
      C)
      Reduced breath sounds on the affected side
      D)
      Auscultation of a loud, rough, grating sound
    Page 4 of 38

    Exam Review

    1. The nurse is assessing a client who is newly diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Which of the following findings is consistent with this diagnosis?

      A)
      Janeway lesions
      B)
      Tophi
      C)
      Unilateral joint pain
      D)
      Low-grade fever

    2. The nurse is caring for a client with peritoneal dialysis. The client reports an outflow of only one-half of the dialysate solution that was dwelled. The nurse should instruct the client to do which of the following?

      A)
      Apply heat to the abdomen.
      B)
      Encourage the client to have a bowel movement.
      C)
      Strip the dialysis catheter.
      D)
      Instill more dialysate solution.

    3. The nurse is planning care for a client with a newly diagnosed fractured pelvis. Which action would lessen the risk of fat embolism syndrome (FES)?

      A)
      Request a prescription for enoxaparin.
      B)
      Alternate with the application of ice and heat.
      C)
      Educate the client on pelvic immobilization.
      D)
      Encourage passive range of motion of the lower legs.

    4. The nurse is caring for a client with a hyphema. The nurse should plan to take which action?

      A)
      Shield the affected eye.
      B)
      Place the client supine.
      C)
      Apply a cold compress to the eye.
      D)
      Request a prescription for aspirin.
    Page 5 of 38

    Exam Review

    1. The nurse is visiting the home of a client with Clostridium difficile. Which infection control measure should the nurse include?

      A)
      Ask the client to wear a surgical mask during the visit.
      B)
      Obtain vital signs with a disposable blood pressure cuff.
      C)
      Interview the client while maintaining 3 feet distance.
      D)
      Use sterile gloves when performing venipuncture.

    2. The nurse is caring for an infant with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Which of the following prescriptions would the nurse anticipate from the primary healthcare provider (PHCP)?

      A)
      Pavlik harness
      B)
      Compression hose
      C)
      Knee immobilizer
      D)
      Continuous passive motion

    3. The nurse is caring for a client who sustained an electrical burn. Which priority action should the nurse take?

      A)
      Obtain an electrocardiogram (ECG)
      B)
      Obtain an order for an arterial blood gas (ABG)
      C)
      Perform wound care
      D)
      Initiate supplemental oxygen

    4. The nurse has been made aware of the following client situations. The nurse should first assess the client that

      A)
      is in a private room, and their stage III pressure ulcer tests positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
      B)
      is three hours post-operative from the placement of an ileostomy and has an edematous reddened stoma.
      C)
      has type 2 diabetes mellitus and a morning blood glucose level of 76 mg/dL (4.2 mmol/L) [70-110 mg/dL, 4.0–6.0 mmol/L], and refuses breakfast.
      D)
      is awaiting an appendectomy and reports increased pain with coughing and is relieved by bending the right hip.
    Page 6 of 38