Exam Review

A client with chronic renal failure (CRF) is receiving hemodialysis treatment. After hemodialysis, the nurse knows that the client is most likely to experience:
A)
weight loss.
B)
increased urine output.
C)
increased blood pressure.
D)
Hematuria
The nurse is providing supportive care to a client receiving hemodialysis in the management of acute kidney injury. Which statement from the nurse best reflects the ability of the kidneys to recover from acute kidney injury?
A)
Acute kidney injury tends to turn to end-stage failure.
B)
Kidney function will improve with transplant.
C)
Once on dialysis, the need will be permanent.
D)
The kidneys can improve over a period of months.
A client scheduled for a CT scan of the abdomen with contrast has a baseline creatinine level of 2.3 mg/dL. In preparing this client for the procedure, the nurse anticipates what orders?
A)
Preprocedure hydration with 0.45% NaCl
B)
Administration of acetylcysteine
C)
Hemodialysis immediately prior to the CT scan
D)
Obtain a creatinine clearance by collecting a 24-hour urine specimen.
A nurse is planning care for a client who has acute glomerulonephritis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
A)
Administer antibiotics
B)
Encourage frequent ambulation.
C)
Encourage increased fluid intake.
D)
Obtain weight weekly.

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Exam Review

During the diuresis period of acute kidney injury (AKI), the nurse should observe the client closely for which complication?
A)
Renal calculi
B)
Hypokalemia
C)
Dehydration
D)
Oliguria
A nurse is assessing a client Who is 2 weeks postoperative following a kidney transplant. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as possible organ rejection?
A)
Insomnia
B)
Temperature 36.1° C (97.0° F)
C)
Weight loss
D)
Oliguria
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data of a client following a hemodialysis treatment. The nurse should expect to find a decrease in which of the following laboratory values?
A)
RBC count
B)
Calcium
C)
Potassium
D)
Protein
A client is admitted to the hospital with a prerenal disorder, a nonurologic condition that disrupts renal blood flow to the nephrons, affecting their filtering ability. One cause of prerenal acute kidney injury is:
A)
Polycystic disease
B)
Anaphylactic shock
C)
Ureteral stricture
D)
Kidney stone

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Exam Review

A nurse is assessing a client who has fluid volume deficit. The nurse should expect which of the following findings?
A)
Increased urine ketones
B)
Decreased urine specific gravity
C)
Decreased Heb
D)
Increased BUN
A client with decreased urine output refractory to fluid challenges is evaluated for renal failure. Which condition may cause the intrinsic (intrarenal) form of acute renal failure?
A)
Damage to cells in the adrenal cortex
B)
Nephrotoxic injury secondary to use of contrast media
C)
Obstruction of the urinary collecting system
D)
Poor perfusion to the kidneys
A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney disease about the process of ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
A)
Requires the client to follow fewer dietary and fluid restrictions than hemodialysis requires.
B)
Requires a rigid schedule of exchange times.
C)
Is the dialysis treatment of choice for clients who have a history of abdominal surgery
D)
Filters the client's blood through an artificial device called a dialyzer.
A nurse is preparing to obtain a daily weight from a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following actions should the nurse implement?
A)
Obtain the weight each day at a time most convenient for the client.
B)
Weigh the client after at the same time.
C)
Balance the scale at minus two before weighing the client
D)
Use any available scale to weigh the client.

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Exam Review

A nurse is teaching a client who has acute kidney injury about the oliguric phase. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
A)
The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) recovers.
B)
BUN and creatinine levels decrease.
C)
Urine output is less than 400 ml per 24 hr.
D)
Renal function is reestablished.
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic glomerulonephritis. The nurse should expect to find a decrease in which of the following serum laboratory values?
A)
Phosphate
B)
Hemoglobin level
C)
Creatinine
D)
Potassium
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as a finding specifically associated with this client?
A)
Confusion
B)
Urinary retention
C)
Incontinence
D)
Low back pain
A nurse is assessing a client in the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A)
Increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
B)
Hypomagnesemia
C)
Hyperkalemia
D)
Decreased creatinine level

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Exam Review

A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who is to perform peritoneal dialysis at home. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
A)
"You should warm the dialysate in a microwave oven before instillation."
B)
"You should expect redness at the catheter exit site.
C)
"You should anticipate pain the first week during the inflow of dialysate."
D)
"You should avoid foods high in fiber."
A nurse is assessing a client who has end-stage kidney disease and is receiving hemodialysis. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the client is experiencing fluid overload?
A)
Oxygen saturation 93%
B)
The client has a 5 lb. weight gain since yesterday.
C)
Flattened neck veins
D)
Return of skin to previous position when the client's shin is palpated
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results from a client who has prerenal acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse expect?
A)
Hypercalcemia
B)
Hyperkalemia
C)
Hypernatremia
D)
Hypophosphatemia
A nurse is reviewing the BUN and creatinine levels of an older adult client who has chronic kidney disease. The nurse should expect which of the following findings?
A)
BUN levels range 8 to 24 mg/dl
B)
Creatinine levels range 0.7 to 1.3mg/dl
C)
BUN 45 mg/dL and creatinine 8 mg/dL.
D)
BUN 10 mg/dL and creatinine 0.3 mg/dL
E)
OBUN 23 mg/dL and creatinine 1.0 mg/dl.

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Exam Review

A nurse is caring for a client who reports recurrent flank pain, nausea, and vomiting for 24 hr. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
A)
Administer an antiemetic
B)
Administer pain medication.
C)
Strain the urine.
D)
Monitor intake and output.
A nurse is gathering medical history from a client admitted for pyelonephritis. Which of the following should the nurse expect the client to report when asked about their medical history?
A)
The client reports that they had two urinary tract infections (UTI) in the past 10 months.
B)
The client reports that they took a lot of ibuprofen for arthritis for many years.
C)
The client states that they consume a high calcium diet and have had high calcium in their blood
D)
The client states that they remember their mother saying their grandma had this same genetic disease.
A nurse is caring for a male client who has chronic glomerulonephritis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A)
Serum creatinine 7 mg/dl (range 0.7-1.3mg/dl)
B)
Creatinine clearance 120 mL/min (range 87-139ml/min)
C)
BUN 15 mg/dL (range 6-20 mg/dl)
D)
Urine specific gravity 1.035 (range 1005-1030)
A nurse is providing care to a client who has peritonitis. Which of the following conditions is the highest priority for the nurse to monitor?
A)
Respiratory failure
B)
Sepsis
C)
Heart attack
D)
Diabetes

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