Exam Review

In gram-negative bacteria, the cell envelope includes an inner membrane, a periplasmic space, and an outer membrane.
A)
True
B)
False
The primary function of the cell envelope is to store genetic material and ribosomes.
A)
True
B)
False
The correct order of biological classification from most specific to most general is species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, domain.
A)
True
B)
False
If two organisms are in the same order, they must also be in the same class. True/False
A)
True
B)
False

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The term used to describe a disease-causing microorganism is
A)
microbe.
B)
bacterium.
C)
virus.
D)
pathogen.
E)
infection.
Common commercial benefits of microorganisms include synthesis of
A)
riboflavin.
B)
acetone.
C)
insulin.
D)
aspirin.
E)
riboflavin, acetone and insulin.
The formal system for classifying and naming organisms was developed by
A)
Robert Koch.
B)
Ignaz Semmelweis.
C)
Aristotle.
D)
Carolus Linnaeus.
E)
Louis Pasteur
Its concluded in the scientific world virus could be cured rather than a bacteria: True/False
A)
True
B)
False

Page 2 of 17

The COVID-19 Virus was deemed As DNA Virus
A)
True
B)
False
In the cellular organelles, Ribosome is the site of protein synthesis and carbohydrates
A)
True
B)
False
In the name Staphylococcus aureus, aureus is the
A)
genus.
B)
domain name.
C)
species.
D)
kingdom.
E)
family name.
Microbiology is the scientific study of microorganisms, which are organisms and infectious agents that are too small to be seen clearly without the aid of microscopes or other magnification tool
A)
True
B)
False

Page 3 of 17

Which observation most directly challenged the original formulation of classical cell theory?
A)
Discovery of ribosomes as non-membranous organelles
B)
Identification of multinucleated skeletal muscle fibers
C)
Observation that all living organisms metabolize ATP
D)
Recognition that membranes are composed of phospholipid bilayers
A researcher studies a syncytial tissue in which multiple nuclei share a common cytoplasm. Which principle of classical cell theory is most directly questioned by this finding?
A)
All cells arise from pre-existing cells
B)
The cell is the basic unit of structure and function
C)
All organisms are composed of one or more cells
D)
Cells contain hereditary information
A patient with infective endocarditis has blood cultures showing cocci in clusters with a thick peptidoglycan layer. What color would this organism appear on Gram stain?
A)
Gram-negative
B)
Gram-positive
A gram positive organisms contain a thin peptidoglycan layer
A)
True
B)
False

Page 4 of 17

A hospitalized patient with antibiotic-associated diarrhea has stool cultures showing spore-forming rods with a thick cell wall. What Gram-stain color would be observed?
A)
Gram-negative
B)
Gram-positive
A patient presents with dysuria and fever. Microscopy of the urine shows bacilli with a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane containing lipopolysaccharide. What Gram-stain result is expected?
A)
Gram-positive
B)
Gram-negative
A gram negative organisms contain a thick peptidoglycan layer
A)
True
B)
False
A prokaryotic cell may possess each of the following cellular components EXCEPT
A)
flagella.
B)
a nucleus.
C)
ribosomes.
D)
a cell wall.
E)
a cell membrane

Page 5 of 17

Protozoan motility structures include
A)
cilia.
B)
flagella
C)
pseudopods.
D)
cilia and pseudopods only.
E)
cilia, flagella, and pseudopods.
The infectious agent that causes AIDS is a
A)
virus.
B)
bacterium.
C)
yeast.
D)
protozoan
Who is credited with first observing cells?
A)
Robert Hooke
B)
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
C)
Robert Koch
D)
Louis Pasteur
E)
Carolus Linnaeus
Prions are misfolded proteins that cause fatal neurodegenerative diseases in humans and animals by inducing normal proteins to also misfold. Key examples include Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) in humans
A)
True
B)
False

Page 6 of 17