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    Exam Review

    1. Diabetes, dementia, Parkinson’s disease, stroke, and vitamin B deficiencies may cause neurological damage leading to what condition?
      A)
      Aphasia
      B)
      Traumatic brain injury (TBI)
      C)
      Gait disturbances
      D)
      Postprandial hypotension (PPH)
      E)
      Fallophobia
    2. When assessing an older male client, what are some issues that might put him at risk for dehydration? (Select all that apply.)
      (SATA)
      A)
      Heart failure
      B)
      Functional impairments
      C)
      Longitudinal furrows on the tongue
      D)
      Hypertension
      E)
      Diabetes
    3. Which of the following is a true statement concerning suicide among older adults?
      A)
      Older African American women have the highest risk of suicide among older adults.
      B)
      Older adults and younger adults manifest suicidal intent in a similar manner.
      C)
      A major crisis experienced by the client can contribute to the risk of suicide.
      D)
      Ethics require that the nurse respects a person’s intent to terminate his or her own life.
    4. When teaching a client about foods that do not increase blood glucose, which should the nurse include?
      A)
      Corn
      B)
      White bread
      C)
      Baked beans
      D)
      Broccoli
    Page 1 of 25

    Exam Review

    1. Pressure ulcers are defined as an injury to the skin and/or underlying tissue resulting from pressure or in combination with shear, usually over a bony prominence. As a nurse, what do you know you must do to prevent pressure ulcers? (Select all that apply.)
      (SATA)
      A)
      Turn immobile clients every 2 hours off bony prominences.
      B)
      Use lift or draw sheets to move clients in bed.
      C)
      Keep the moist
      D)
      Ensure that your client maintains a healthy nutritional status.
      E)
      Apply pressure-relieving devices to vulnerable areas.
    2. An older adult client has been admitted to a skilled nursing facility. Which of the following can be caused by physical restraints? (Select all that apply.)
      (SATA)
      A)
      Pressure ulcers
      B)
      Death
      C)
      Sepsis
      D)
      Decreased circulation/perfusion to the extremities
      E)
      Fractures
    3. During an assessment, an older adult male client reports that he fell the night before. What should you follow up with? (Select all that apply.)
      (SATA)
      A)
      Ask about the circumstances behind the fall(s).
      B)
      Assess for any injuries the client might have.
      C)
      Evaluate the client for gait and balance.
      D)
      Ask about the history or frequency of falls.
    4. Which are potential results of end-organ damage from chronic hypertension? (Select all that apply.)
      (SATA)
      A)
      Isolated systolic hypertension
      B)
      Atrial fibrillation
      C)
      Renal insufficiency
      D)
      Stroke
      E)
      Cardiac disease
    Page 2 of 25

    Exam Review

    1. When an older female adult client complains of itching and pain and several days later shows you a rash, what do you realize she has?
      A)
      Scabies
      B)
      Herpes zoster
      C)
      Skin cancer
      D)
      Actinic keratosis
    2. You notice that your older adult male client frequently knocks his arm or hand against door frames or chair backs and then develops a purpura. What do you advise your client to do? (Select all that apply.)
      (SATA)
      A)
      Protect the skin from trauma.
      B)
      Remind the health care personnel to be gentle when handling this client’s skin.
      C)
      Wear a long-sleeved shirt.
      D)
      Tape a nonadherent dressing over the site of a skin tear.
    3. An older adult client had hip replacement surgery 1 day ago, and the nurse thinks that the client is also demonstrating dementia. Which client assessment does the nurse use to determine whether this client is experiencing pain?
      A)
      Has stable vital signs.
      B)
      Holds abdomen tightly.
      C)
      Is not verbalizing.
      D)
      Moves during sleep.
    4. The gerontological nurse collaborates with the wound care team about an older client who has an ulcer. How is this nurse demonstrating leadership in the care of older people?
      A)
      Empowering older adults to manage chronic illness
      B)
      Coordinating members of the health care team
      C)
      Facilitating access to elder care programs
      D)
      Assessing older adults effectively
    Page 3 of 25

    Exam Review

    1. The nurse identifies which of the following interventions in the treatment of fungal infections? (Select all that apply.)
      A)
      Use an antifungal cleanser daily.
      B)
      Eliminate the conditions that created the problem.
      C)
      Thoroughly clean and dry skin daily.
      D)
      Apply 4x4 dressings to the affected site.
    2. When assessing your client who has a history of falls, you should pay particular attention to which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
      A)
      Cognitive disorders
      B)
      Antibiotics
      C)
      Orthostatic hypotension
      D)
      Vision
      E)
      Balance
    3. An older adult diagnosed with heart failure (HF) reports increasing dyspnea over 2 days. Which of the following should the nurse assess to help determine whether the client has adhered to prescribed therapy? (Select all that apply.)
      A)
      Determine coughing frequency.
      B)
      Check for peripheral edema.
      C)
      Auscultate the lungs bilaterally.
      D)
      Assess diet over the last 48 hours.
      E)
      Compare current weight to baseline.
    4. When educating a client on the use of an adjuvant medication, which statement best demonstrates the nurse’s understanding of this therapy?
      A)
      These drugs are used in combination with analgesics to increase the effect of the analgesics.
      B)
      Adjuvant medications are prescribed because they seldom cause any significant side effects.
      C)
      These medications are used instead of opioids to decrease the likelihood of addiction.
      D)
      These types of medications are used to eliminate the side effects of opioid medications.
    Page 4 of 25

    Exam Review

    1. An older aphasic client has severe osteoarthritis, bilateral contractures of the lower extremities, and a stage IV pressure ulcer. The nurse practitioner prescribes analgesic medications to be administered around-the-clock, with as-needed doses to be administered as appropriate. What observation by the nurse would indicate that the pain regimen is effective? (Select all that apply.)
      A)
      “Client slept throughout the night.”
      B)
      “Client cooperative during AM care.”
      C)
      “Client ate 80% of breakfast, 70% of lunch and 100% of dinner.”
      D)
      “Client winces only when turned and repositioned.”
      E)
      “Client slept during dressing change.”
    2. Your second older adult female client has been experiencing some problems with urinary incontinence. You suggest that she document which of the following in a “bladder/voiding diary”? (Select all that apply.)
      A)
      Difficulty starting or stopping the urinary stream
      B)
      The character of the urine
      C)
      Ability to reach a toilet and use it
      D)
      Whether she had a bowel movement at the same time
      E)
      The amount and timing of fluid intake and urine output
    3. According to Healthy People 2020, older adults have been identified as a priority, addressing goals to improve dental health. Identify the correct dental health goals for older adults. (Select all that apply.)
      A)
      Reduce the proportion of older adults with untreated caries.
      B)
      Reduce the proportion of adults with untreated dental decay.
      C)
      Prevent and control oral and craniofacial diseases, conditions, and injuries.
      D)
      Improve access to preventive services and dental care.
    4. How is the term “health disparity” best defined?
      A)
      Health equity
      B)
      The difference between an expected incidence and prevalence and that which actually occurs in a comparison population group.
      C)
      The systematic elimination of the culture of another resulting in decreased wellness.
      D)
      Differences in health outcomes between groups.
    Page 5 of 25

    Exam Review

    1. The promotion of an adequate fluid balance which prevents medical complications is defined as?
      A)
      Overhydration
      B)
      Dehydration
      C)
      Hypernatremia
      D)
      Hydration
    2. Which of the following is the most important goal in the nursing plan of care to decrease the frequency of hospitalizations for acute exacerbations of heart failure (HF) in older adults?
      A)
      Control fluid balance.
      B)
      Control blood pressure.
      C)
      Prevent deconditioning.
      D)
      Maintain client safety.
    3. An older client who was recently admitted to the sub-acute setting after having a knee replacement, is very anxious and refuses to get out of bed, stating that it is too painful. Which intervention will the nurse implement?
      A)
      Allow the client to remain in bed but share that getting up will be required at least twice a day starting the next morning.
      B)
      Use the Hoyer lift to get her out of bed so that the knee will not experience much movement and so there will be little pain.
      C)
      Share with the client that it is important to get out of bed and that there is pain medication available if it does hurt.
      D)
      Offer pain medication, administer the medication, and wait 30 minutes before getting her out of bed.
    4. The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. Which signs and symptoms indicate hyperthyroidism? (Select all that apply.)
      A)
      Sudden onset of symptoms
      B)
      Atrial fibrillation
      C)
      Cold intolerance
      D)
      Constipation
      E)
      Heart failure
    Page 6 of 25