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    Exam Review

    1. A 50-year-old male patient with no significant family history presents to the clinic for a wellness check. According to the current American Cancer Society guidelines, which cancer screening test should he undergo at this visit?
      A)
      Smoking cessation.
      B)
      Cervical cancer screening.
      C)
      Colorectal cancer screening.
      D)
      Mammogram.
    2. A client presents with a body temperature of 40 C (104 F) and exhibits symptoms of confusion, hot dry skin, and hypotension. What is the priority nursing intervention?
      A)
      Monitor blood pressure closely and wait for further orders.
      B)
      Initiate rapid cooling measures immediately.
      C)
      Encourage the client to drink cold fluids.
      D)
      Administer antipyretics to lower the temperature.
    3. Which of the following are characteristics that differentiate between heat exhaustion and heat stroke? Select All that Apply.
      (SATA)
      A)
      Heat exhaustion may involve hypotension and tachycardia.
      B)
      Only heat exhaustion typically includes hot, dry skin.
      C)
      Heat stroke can lead to altered mental status and confusion.
      D)
      Heat exhaustion may present with excessive sweating and clammy skin.
    4. A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with spinal cord compression due to a malignant tumor. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention for this oncologic emergency?
      A)
      Encourage the patient to drink at least 3 L of fluid daily.
      B)
      Administer a bisphosphonate to manage calcium levels.
      C)
      Place the client in a semi-Fowler position to enhance ventilation.
      D)
      Administer high-dose IV corticosteroids to reduce inflammation.
    Page 1 of 13

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is caring for a client who presents with hyperthermia. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
      A)
      Apply a heating pad to the client's extremities.
      B)
      Give antipyretics and wait for their effect.
      C)
      Administer IV fluids to promote hydration.
      D)
      Move the client to a warm environment for comfort.
    2. A nurse is educating a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Which medication is commonly prescribed to manage SLE symptoms and decrease exacerbations?
      A)
      Hydroxychloroquine.
      B)
      Belimumab.
      C)
      Ibuprofen.
      D)
      Methotrexate.
    3. A 65-year-old patient with a history of breast cancer presents with weakness, nausea, and confusion. Laboratory results indicate elevated calcium levels. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize for this patient exhibiting signs of hypercalcemia?
      A)
      Administer high-dose IV corticosteroids.
      B)
      Encourage fluid intake of 3 L daily.
      C)
      Place the client in a supine position.
      D)
      Obtain blood cultures for potential infection.
    4. Which of the following agents is known to potentially trigger malignant hyperthermia in genetically susceptible individuals?
      A)
      Succinylcholine.
      B)
      Local anesthetics.
      C)
      Nitrous oxide.
      D)
      Dantrolene sodium.
    Page 2 of 13

    Exam Review

    1. Which of the following are risk factors associated with the development of frostbite?
      (SATA)
      A)
      Intense physical activity in cold weather.
      B)
      High caloric intake before exposure to cold.
      C)
      Inadequate clothing protection.
      D)
      Chronic conditions affecting blood circulation.
      E)
      Prolonged exposure to freezing temperatures.
      F)
      Recent alcohol consumption.
    2. A 45-year-old female diabetic patient presents with a constellation of symptoms including weight gain, a rounded face, and muscle weakness. Which additional symptom would most strongly suggest a diagnosis of Cushing's disease?
      A)
      Presence of purple striae on the abdomen.
      B)
      Increased pigmentation of the skin.
      C)
      Excessive thirst and urination.
      D)
      Hypoglycemia.
    3. Which of the following statements best describes the clinical difference between Cushing's disease and Cushing's syndrome?
      A)
      Both Cushing's disease and Cushing's syndrome are exclusively caused by adrenal tumors.
      B)
      Cushing's disease results from a pituitary tumor causing excess ACTH, whereas Cushing's syndrome is a broader term for excess cortisol from any cause.
      C)
      Cushing's disease is primarily caused by long-term glucocorticoid use, while Cushing's syndrome is caused only by adrenal tumors.
      D)
      Cushing's disease results from a tumor causing excess cortisol production, whereas Cushing's syndrome is mainly due to external glucocorticoid administration.
    4. Which of the following statements best describes a characteristic that differentiates a benign tumor from a malignant tumor?
      A)
      Benign tumors typically metastasize to other organs in the body.
      B)
      Benign tumors commonly consist of undifferentiated cells with high mitotic activity.
      C)
      Benign tumors are usually well-differentiated and encapsulated, making them easier to excise.
      D)
      Benign tumors are often aggressive and can cause rapid deterioration of health.
    Page 3 of 13

    Exam Review

    1. A surgical patient with a known genetic predisposition to malignant hyperthermia is undergoing anesthesia. Which of the following is the most critical immediate action for the perioperative team if signs of malignant hyperthermia, such as muscle rigidity and tachycardia, are observed?
      A)
      Initiate a cool water bath to reduce body temperature.
      B)
      Administer oxygen therapy to the patient.
      C)
      Increase the volume of intravenous fluids being administered.
      D)
      Administer dantrolene sodium immediately.
    2. A nurse is preparing to administer plasmapheresis to a client diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which of the following assessments should the nurse prioritize most before beginning the procedure?
      A)
      Assessing the client's pain level and management plan.
      B)
      Inquiring about the client's dietary intake over the past 24 hours.
      C)
      Checking the client's history of allergies to contrast media.
      D)
      Evaluating the results of the client's most recent complete blood count (CBC).
    3. A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus is prescribed hydroxychloroquine. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates a good understanding regarding the medication?
      A)
      I can safely receive MMR and measles vaccines while taking hydroxychloroquine.
      B)
      I should undergo a routine eye exam during the first year and regularly afterward.
      C)
      I can consume unlimited amounts of alcohol while on hydroxychloroquine since it has no known interactions.
      D)
      If I experience visual changes while taking this medication, it is an expected harmless side effect of the drug.
    4. During a preoperative assessment for a client with a family history of malignant hyperthermia, which of the following actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.
      A)
      Anticipate the anesthesiologist to use succinylcholine and enflurane.
      B)
      Communicate the client's risk to the intraoperative team.
      C)
      Place an allergy band on the client.
      D)
      Document the family history of malignant hyperthermia.
      E)
      Prepare to administer naloxone.
    Page 4 of 13

    Exam Review

    1. A patient with prostate cancer is undergoing brachytherapy using radioactive seeds. Which of the following precautions should the nurse educate the patient about during their treatment?
      A)
      You will be radioactive for a short time and should maintain a distance from others.
      B)
      It is safe to hug and kiss your close family members during treatment.
      C)
      There is no need for any special waste disposal procedures after treatment.
      D)
      You can resume normal activities immediately after the treatment.
    2. A nurse is caring for a patient who has undergone a kidney transplant and is receiving cyclosporine as part of their immunosuppressive therapy. Which of the following should the nurse include in the care plan? Select all that apply.
      A)
      Administer medication with consistent food intake.
      B)
      Watch for changes in pulmonary status and cough.
      C)
      Monitor for nephrotoxicity.
      D)
      Monitor for hirsutism and gingival hyperplasia.
      E)
      Administer without food.
    3. A nurse is caring for a patient receiving medication to stimulate platelet production. Which of the following are potential complications related to this therapy? Select all that apply.
      A)
      Diarrhea.
      B)
      Nausea and vomiting.
      C)
      Blood clots.
      D)
      Bone fractures.
      E)
      Pulmonary edema.
    4. A patient diagnosed with hyperaldosteronism presents with symptoms of a blood pressure of 220/135 mmHg and a potassium level of 3.1 mEq/L. Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize?
      A)
      Schedule the patient for a CT scan of the adrenal glands.
      B)
      Initiate a low-sodium diet as the first intervention.
      C)
      Monitor the patient for signs of fluid overload.
      D)
      Administer potassium supplements to correct hypokalemia.
    Page 5 of 13

    Exam Review

    1. A patient is scheduled for a hypophysectomy due to a pituitary neoplasm. What is the most important postoperative nursing intervention to monitor for complications after this surgery?
      A)
      Monitor the patient's blood glucose levels for signs of hyperglycemia.
      B)
      Assess the patient's neurological status frequently for signs of complications.
      C)
      Administer corticosteroids as prescribed to prevent adrenal crisis.
      D)
      Encourage deep breathing exercises to prevent pneumonia.
    2. A nurse is caring for a patient receiving external beam radiation therapy for pancreatic cancer. Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor for based on the location of radiation treatment?
      A)
      Increased appetite.
      B)
      Weight gain.
      C)
      Koplik spots.
      D)
      Diarrhea.
    3. A nurse is caring for a pancreatic cancer client on a medical-surgical unit who is experiencing marked fatigue and occasional night sweats. For each client finding listed below, indicate whether the finding is commonly associated with radiation therapy only, chemotherapy only, or both radiation and chemotherapy for cancer.
      A)
      Fatigue.
      B)
      Night sweats.
      C)
      Weight loss.
      D)
      Pale skin.
    4. A nurse is caring for a pregnant patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who is concerned about the potential effects on her pregnancy. Which of the following information should the nurse emphasize when discussing management strategies for this patient?
      A)
      Regular monitoring and a collaborative care approach can help reduce risks associated with SLE during pregnancy.
      B)
      Patients with SLE should avoid all medications during pregnancy except those that are typically safe.
      C)
      SLE management should focus only on the physical symptoms and ignore the emotional well-being of the patient.
      D)
      SLE has no impact on the success of pregnancies as long as the disease is well managed.
    Page 6 of 13