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    Exam Review

    1. The nurse is reviewing ethical principles that guide professional nursing practice. Which ethical principle is best defined as the obligation to avoid causing harm to a client?
      A)
      Fulfill a duty to be faithful to the clients.
      B)
      Maintain equitable resource distribution.
      C)
      Do no harm to the client.
      D)
      Take positive action to help others.
    2. The nurse is reviewing ethical principles that guide professional nursing practice. Which ethical principle is best defined as the obligation to avoid causing harm to a client?
      A)
      Fulfill a duty to be faithful to the clients.
      B)
      Maintain equitable resource distribution.
      C)
      Do no harm to the client.
      D)
      Take positive action to help others.
    3. The nurse is preparing to administer potassium intravenously to a client with hypokalemia. Which life-threatening complication can arise if administered too fast?
      A)
      Cardiac dysrhythmias
      B)
      Metabolic alkalosis
      C)
      Fluid volume overload
      D)
      Hypertension
    4. The nurse is caring for a client with influenza. Which system should the nurse assess first?
      A)
      Respiratory
      B)
      Neurological
      C)
      Endocrine
      D)
      Cardiovascular
    Page 1 of 11

    Exam Review

    1. Which intravenous fluid is classified as an isotonic solution?
      A)
      Dextrose 2.5% with water
      B)
      0.45% sodium chloride
      C)
      0.9% sodium chloride
      D)
      Dextrose 10% with water
    2. The healthcare provider has prescribed hypotonic intravenous (IV) fluids for a client admitted with dehydration. Which solution should the nurse anticipate administering?
      A)
      Lactated Ringers
      B)
      Dextrose 5% with Lactated Ringers
      C)
      0.9% sodium chloride
      D)
      0.45% sodium chloride
    3. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving treatment for an acute asthma attack. Following treatment, the nurse auscultates the client's lungs and asks the client how they feel. Which step of the nursing process does this reflect?
      A)
      Assessment
      B)
      Intervention
      C)
      Diagnosis
      D)
      Evaluation
    4. A nurse is caring for a client admitted with dehydration suspected to have an electrolyte imbalance. Which finding should the nurse identify as a possible cause of electrolyte imbalance?
      A)
      Clostridium difficile infection
      B)
      Parkinson's disease
      C)
      Asthma
      D)
      Hypertension
    Page 2 of 11

    Exam Review

    1. Which nursing care delivery model aims to reduce costs while maintaining high-quality care?
      A)
      Case management
      B)
      Total patient care
      C)
      Team nursing
      D)
      Patient-centered care
    2. A nurse caring for a client at the end of life receives notification of the client's eligibility for organ donation. Which action should the nurse take?
      A)
      Advocate for the client to donate their organs.
      B)
      Consult the client to determine their wishes.
      C)
      Discuss the organ donation with the client's family.
      D)
      Prioritize comfort care measures for the client.
    3. The nurse assesses a client with suspected fluid volume overload. Which finding should the nurse expect?
      A)
      Crackles in the lung bases
      B)
      Hemoglobin of 19.2 g/dL
      C)
      Blood pressure of 92/64 mmHg
      D)
      Weak peripheral pulses
    4. A nurse is caring for a client admitted with a fluid imbalance. Which laboratory test(s) should the nurse anticipate will be affected by the client's condition? Select all that apply.
      A)
      Amylase
      B)
      Sodium
      C)
      Urine specific gravity
      D)
      Blood urea nitrogen
      E)
      Hematocrit
    Page 3 of 11

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is discharging a client with a terminal diagnosis to hospice care. During discharge, the client states, “I am so happy to be going home. Fighting this disease was exhausting.” The nurse disagrees with the client’s decision to stop treatment and leave the hospital. What action should the nurse take?
      A)
      Ask the healthcare provider to speak with the client.
      B)
      Collaborate with the team to convince the client to stay.
      C)
      Examine one’s values and beliefs on death and dying.
      D)
      Consult the ethics committee to review the client’s case.
    2. The nurse assesses the client’s peripheral intravenous (IV) site and observes a red streak on the forearm that is warm to the touch. Which action should the nurse perform first?
      A)
      Assess the client’s vital signs.
      B)
      Apply a cool compress to the IV site.
      C)
      Remove the IV catheter.
      D)
      Notify the healthcare provider.
    3. A nurse is providing discharge education to a client who has a double-lumen peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). The client will be receiving IV antibiotics at home with a caregiver’s assistance. Which statement by the caregiver indicates learning has been effective?
      A)
      “I should re-insert the catheter if it starts coming out.”
      B)
      “I should flush the lumen with 5 mLs of normal saline.”
      C)
      “I should flush both lumens even if I only use one.”
      D)
      “I should change the dressing about every 8–10 days.”
    4. A nurse is prioritizing care for four clients. Which client should the nurse assess first?
      A)
      A client who has a new order for a STAT antibiotic.
      B)
      A client who is awaiting medication education prior to discharge.
      C)
      A client who requires a wet-to-dry dressing change.
      D)
      A client with hypotension and a change in level of consciousness.
    Page 4 of 11

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is caring for a client with a newly inserted left subclavian central line. What assessment finding one hour after insertion warrants immediate action by the nurse?
      A)
      Mild discomfort to the left side of the neck.
      B)
      Visible blood in the catheter when checking patency.
      C)
      Presence of an antimicrobial disk at the insertion site.
      D)
      Absent breath sounds over the left lung field.
    2. The nurse supervisor is reviewing staff assignments made during the previous shift. Which assignment should the nurse supervisor identify as appropriate to the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)?
      A)
      Teaching a client how to self-administer insulin.
      B)
      Performing sterile wound care for a postoperative client.
      C)
      Assisting a stable client with ambulation to the bathroom.
      D)
      Assessing lung sounds in a client with pneumonia.
    3. A nurse is caring for a client with end-stage renal failure. For which electrolyte imbalance should the nurse monitor?
      A)
      Hypercalcemia
      B)
      Hypokalemia
      C)
      Hyperkalemia
      D)
      Hypomagnesemia
    4. The nurse is caring for a client whose intravenous (IV) pump continues to alarm even after trying to fix it on multiple occasions. The client is becoming increasingly frustrated with the constant beeping. What action should the nurse take next?
      A)
      Place the IV infusion to gravity.
      B)
      Ask the client to ignore the beeping.
      C)
      Discontinue the IV infusion.
      D)
      Replace the IV infusion pump.
    Page 5 of 11

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is caring for a client who is refusing to eat. The nurse states, “If you do not eat, I am going to put a tube down your throat to feed you.” Based on the nurse’s actions, the nurse may be accused of which violation?
      A)
      Assault
      B)
      Battery
      C)
      Negligence
      D)
      False imprisonment
    2. Which action by the nurse demonstrates respect for a client’s right to privacy?
      A)
      Writing the client’s diagnosis on the message board in the hallway.
      B)
      Leaving a medical record open to answer another client’s call light.
      C)
      Discussing the client’s condition during bedside handoff report.
      D)
      Disclosing lab results to the client’s spouse while the client sleeps.
    3. A nurse cares for a client with an intravenous (IV) line and notices signs of infiltration. What action should the nurse take first?
      A)
      Elevate the affected arm.
      B)
      Apply a warm compress.
      C)
      Remove the IV catheter.
      D)
      Stop the IV infusion.
    4. The nurse is caring for a client who reports frequent nausea and vomiting for the past 24 hours. Which assessment finding requires further action by the nurse?
      A)
      Pale yellow urine
      B)
      Oral temperature of 99 F (37.2 C)
      C)
      Moist mucous membranes
      D)
      Blood pressure 90/49 mmHg
    Page 6 of 11