A 10-year-old child who has asthma and a PCO₂ of 37 mm Hg

A 10-year-old child who has sickle cell anemia who reports severe chest pain

A 1-year-old toddler who has roseola and a temperature of 39°C (102.2°F)

A 7-year-old child who has diabetes insipidus and a urine specific gravity of 1.016