ECT functions by increasing cerebral blood flow, which enhances oxygen delivery to brain tissues.

ECT induces a seizure that alters neurotransmitter levels and receptor sensitivity in the brain, stimulates the brain to produce new neurons and synapses.

ECT directly stimulates the hypothalamic gland, releasing more dopamine into the neurogenesis pathway.

ECT works by suppressing the electrical activity of the brain to reduce symptoms of MDD.