A 60-year old patient on a ventilator for whom a sterile sputum specimen must be sent to the lab.

A 70-year old with pneumonia who needs to be started on intravenous (IV) antibiotics.

A 55-year old with COPD and a pulse oximetry reading from the previous shift of 90

A 50-year old with asthma who complains of shortness of breath after using a bronchodilator.