JA is a 39-year-old male who presents to an urgent care clinic with dizziness, palpitations, and sweating. His past medical history is significant for asthma and allergies. He states he is recovering from a sinus infection and took Sudafed earlier this morning. His vital signs will be taken in clinic. JA's heart rate is currently 135 bpm. Based on the measured heart rate, JA is experiencing which of the following?