has Cushing's syndrome and their blood glucose has increased from 156 mg/dL (8.66 mmol/L) to 243 mg/dL (13.49 mmol/L)[70-110 mg/dL, 4.0–11.0 mmol/L].

is admitted with acute glomerulonephritis and has had 80 mL of urine output over the past four hours.

is nothing by mouth (NPO) awaiting surgery and receiving glargine insulin two hours ago.

had a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) six hours ago and has urine output turned bright red in color.