Exam Review
- During the administration of chemotherapy through a peripheral intravenous (PIV) line, a patient suddenly complains of severe burning pain at the infusion site. What is the nurse's most appropriate action?A)Apply a warm compress to the site to alleviate painB)Reassure the patient that the sensation is normal and continue monitoring.C)Stop the infusion and assess the site for signs of infiltration or extravasation.D)Increase the infusion rate to minimize discomfort.
- A 68-year-old patient with a history of peptic ulcer disease presents with hematemesis and hypotension. What is the nurse's immediate priority intervention?A)Establishing two large-bore IV lines for fluid resuscitation and blood transfusion.B)Positioning the patient in a Trendelenburg position to increase cerebral perfusion.C)Administering oral proton pump inhibitors to reduce gastric acidity.D)Providing the patient with ice chips to reduce nausea and discomfort.
- A patient with a suspected gastrointestinal bleed is admitted to the emergency department. The patient presents with hypotension, tachycardia, and black tarry stools. Which initial intervention should the nurse prioritize?A)Administer intravenous fluids to stabilize blood pressure.B)Prepare the patient for an endoscopic examination.C)insert a nasogastric tube to assess for ongoing bleeding.D)Administer proton pump inhibitors to reduce gastric acid.
- During a physical assessment of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis, the nurse notes the presence of multiple rheumatoid nodules on the patient's elbows and forearms. What potential complication should the nurse prioritize in her assessment and management plan?A)Hypertension due to systemic inflammationB)Hypoglycemia due to medication interactionC)increased joint mobility due to nodule presenceD)Skin ulceration due to friction and pressure
Exam Review
- A patient with ankylosing spondylitis is admitted with severe back pain and restricted mobility. What nursing intervention should be prioritized to enhance respiratory function and prevent complications?A)Recommending complete bed restB)Encouraging deep breathing exercises regularlyC)Administering non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS)D)Applying heat packs to the lower back
- A clinic nurse is performing a physical assessment on a client who has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?A)Subcutaneous nodules on the ulnar side of the arm.B)A dry, red rash across the bridge of the nose and on the cheeks.C)A grey colored, non-purpuric papular rash.D)Pitting edema of the hands and fingers.
- A nurse is educating a client about the risk factors for GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease). Which of the following statements should the nurse include?A)"You should avoid or cut down on alcohol and caffeine which can aggravate GERD."B)"There is no causal link between lying down after eating and increased onset of GERD."C)"It is okay to take aspirin with GERD,D)"You should avoid possible mercury-containing foods such as some seafood because of their risk to GERD."
- A nurse is reviewing laboratory values for a client who has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which of the following values should give the nurse the best indication of the client's renal function?A)Urine-specific gravityB)Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)C)Serum creatinineD)Serum sodium
Exam Review
- A nurse is caring for a client in the primary care office who has a recent diagnosis of a hiatal hernia. Which of the following new information will be beneficial for the nurse to relay to the client?A)"A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for lung disease."B)"A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for stomach cancer."C)"A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for GERD."D)"A hiatal hernia might increase your risk for intestinal cancer."
- A 20-year-old male presents to the emergency department with acute right lower quadrant (RLQ) abdominal pain, nausea, and fever. During the physical examination, the nurse performs an assessment to evaluate for appendicitis. Which of the following findings would be most indicative of appendicitis?A)Dull pain in the left upper quadrantB)Rebound tenderness at McBurney's pointC)Hyperactive bowel sounds throughout the abdomenD)Pain relief when the right leg is flexed
- A nurse is caring for a client who has peptic ulcer disease. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following findings as an indication of gastrointestinal perforation?A)Increased blood pressureB)BradycardiaC)Sudden abdominal painD)Hyperactive bowel sounds
- Following a Nissen fundoplication, a patient presents with hypotension, tachycardia, and abdominal distention. As the nurse evaluates the situation, which Intervention should be prioritized to address potential post-operative bleeding?A)Administer analgesics to manage potential abdominal pain.B)Prepare the patient for an emergency endoscopic procedure.C)Initiate a large-bore IV for fluid resuscitation and notify the surgical team,D)Encourage the patient to ambulate to improve circulation.
Exam Review
- A 45-year-old patient with a new diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis is being assessed for early signs of systemic involvement. During the assessment, the nurse notes the presence of dry eyes and dry mouth. Which condition should the nurse suspect as a potential complication associated with rheumatoid arthritis?A)FibromyalgiaB)Raynaud's phenomenonC)OsteoporosisD)Sjogren's syndrome
- A patient with a known small bowel obstruction is admitted with severe abdominal pain and vomiting. Which complication should the nurse assess for as a priority?A)Nutritional deficiencyB)Perforation of the bowelC)Dehydration due to fluid lossD)Electrolyte imbalance
- A nurse in a provider's office is caring for a client. Select the 3 findings from the client's medical record that increase their risk for peptic ulcer disease (PUD).A)Family historyB)Smoking historyC)Alcohol useD)NSAID useE)Positive for Helicobacter pylori
- Which findings in a routine health assessment would the nurse recognize as part of the CAUTION acronym? (Select All that Apply.)A)A sore that does not healB)Unusual bleeding or dischargeC)Frequent headachesD)Thickening or lump in breast or elsewhereE)Persistent cough or hoarsenessF)Difficulty swallowingG)Change in bowel or bladder habitsH)Sudden weight gainI)Fatigue
Exam Review
- A nurse is assessing a client who has peptic ulcer disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as the priority?A)DyspepsiaB)Epigastric discomfortC)HematemesisD)Constipation
- A nurse is caring for a client who has kidney cancer and has been told it has metastasized, Which of the following statements should the nurse make when the client asks what metastasis means?A)"Metastasis means a group of abnormal kidney cells is localized to a single location."B)"Metastasis occurs when cancerous growths are located in the kidneys and also another part of the body."C)"Metastasis occurs when cancer cells grow until they run out of space and stop growing."D)"Metastasis is when a group of kidney cells have changed to more closely resemble intestinal cells."
- A patient presents with severe abdominal pain, vomiting, and distension, suspected of having a large bowel obstruction. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate to prioritize?A)Prepare the patient for surgical intervention.B)Insert a nasogastric tube to decompress the bowel.C)Encourage oral intake to maintain hydration.D)Administer a laxative to relieve constipation.
- A nurse is instructing a client who has GERD about positions that can help minimize the effects of reflux during sleep. Which of the following statements indicates to the nurse that the client understands the instructions?A)"I will sleep on my back with my head flat."B)"I will lie on my left side to sleep at night."C)"I will sleep on my stomach with my head flat."D)"I will lie on my right side to sleep at night."
Exam Review
- A nurse is caring for a client who continues to have issues with GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease). Which of the following statements provides the best preventative health care education for this client?A)"You can lay down 30 minutes after eating if that will help you feel better."B)"Adding more citrus foods in your diet might help with easing the manifestations."C)"It is important for you to practice good oral hygiene with this disorder."D)"A glass of wine per day might help with reducing your stress and improve your GERD,"
- A 32-year-old client comes to the clinic with complaints of fatigue, muscle aches, and a rash on the thigh. The nurse observes a circular, red lesion with central clearing, resembling a bull's-eye. The client mentions having recently been on a camping trip in a wooded area. What is the most appropriate initial nursing action?A)Schedule the client for serological testing for Lyme disease.B)Assess the client for signs of neurological involvement, such as facial palsy.C)Administer a dose of doxycycline as prescribed by the healthcare provider.D)Initiate a discussion about safe hiking practices to prevent tick bites.
- A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has peptic ulcer disease and a new prescription for sucralfate tablets. Which of the following information should the nurse provide?A)Store sucralfate in the refrigerator."B)"Take the tablets whole."C)"Take sucralfate 30 minutes before meals."D)"An antacid may be taken with the medication if indigestion occurs."
- A patient with a known esophageal stricture is experiencing progressive dysphagia and regurgitation of undigested food. Which diagnostic test should the nurse anticipate the healthcare provider will order to evaluate the severity of the stricture and plan further management?A)Barium swallow studyB)Electrocardiogram (ECG)C)Complete blood count (CBC)D)Pulmonary function test (PPT)