Exam Review

The nurse explains to the patient who has pneumococcal pneumonia that the lungs serve as the:
A)
Organisms that cause the infection.
B)
Transmission of the disease.
C)
Mode of transfer.
D)
Reservoir.
The nurse is aware that the patient most at risk for a health care-associated infection (HAI) would be the:
A)
45-year-old in traction for a fractured femur.
B)
56-year-old with pneumonia who is receiving oxygen by mask.
C)
70-year-old with congestive heart failure attached to a monitor.
D)
65-year-old with a Foley catheter.
The situation in which protective eyewear is required is:
A)
Suctioning a tracheotomy.
B)
Changing a baby’s diaper.
C)
Applying a dressing on the leg.
D)
Gathering the linens off a contaminated bed.
When caring for a patient on Droplet Precautions, it is most important for the nurse to:
A)
Cover the patient with a clean sheet when transporting the patient to x-ray.
B)
Wear a gown and gloves for any contact with the patient.
C)
Wear the appropriate respiratory device for any entry into the room.
D)
Wear a mask if working within 3 feet of the patient.

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Exam Review

The nurse is aware that the use of ethylene oxide gas is reserved for the sterilization of:
A)
Dressings.
B)
Surgical instruments.
C)
Floors and walls.
D)
Heat sensitive items.
A young patient became ill with mononucleosis that she contracted from drinking out of the same glass as her boyfriend who also had the disease. The glass, an inanimate object, has caused the indirect transmission. The inanimate transmitter is called:
A)
Vector.
B)
Fomite.
C)
Prions.
D)
Interferon.
A nurse on a medical unit is reinforcing teaching with a group of assistive personnel about handling clients' bed linens safely. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A)
Fill linen bags with as much soiled linen as possible.
B)
Return any fresh linen not used for clients to the linen supply area.
C)
Use double bagging to remove soiled linen from the client's room.
D)
Tie linen bags securely at the top.
E)
Tie linen bags securely at the top.
A nurse is walking down the unit hall and sees a blood spill on the floor. Which of the following agents should the nurse use to sanitize the floor?
A)
Hydrogen peroxide.
B)
Isopropyl alcohol.
C)
Chlorine.
D)
Triclosan.

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Exam Review

The nurse is aware that family education is necessary for the control of the most common helminth infection, which is:
A)
Roundworms.
B)
Hookworms.
C)
Tapeworms.
D)
Pinworms.
The patient inquires about how his body will kill pathogens unassisted by antibiotics. The nurse responds that a process called phagocytosis will:
A)
Stimulate the production of interferons.
B)
Engulf and destroy the pathogen.
C)
Create antibodies against the pathogen.
D)
Stimulate the body to make more white blood cells.
Health personnel should wash their hands with soap and water at the beginning of the shift for:
A)
10 seconds.
B)
1 minute.
C)
2 minutes.
D)
15 seconds.
Fecal matter has contaminated the patient's bed sheet. The nurse should:
A)
Use PPE to remove the sheet and place it in a pillowcase on the floor; then replace it with a clean sheet.
B)
Contact don nonsterile gloves and gown, remove the soiled sheet, replace it with a clean one, and then dispose of the sheet in a plastic bag to prevent skin or clothing.
C)
Remove the soiled sheet without exposure of skin or clothing to the sheet and rinse it in the patient's bathroom sink to dilute or remove as much feces as possible.
D)
Place a folded clean, dry sheet or plastic-backed protector over the soiled sheet until it dries and then change the sheet.

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Exam Review

A nurse is using personal protective equipment (PPE) before entering the room of a patient with diarrhea and vomiting who is being treated for an intestinal infection. The nurse most likely needs to use which combination of PPE?
A)
Gown, gloves, and mask.
B)
Reusable gown and mask.
C)
Gown, gloves, and goggles (or glasses).
D)
Shoe covers, gown, and gloves.
The nurse uses the Standard Precautions, as outlined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), when:
A)
Caring for patients who have wounds draining body fluids.
B)
Preventing transmission of respiratory and wound infections.
C)
Caring for all patients.
D)
There is a suspicion of or risk of infection.
A patient has been diagnosed with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (mad cow disease). The nurse recognizes this disease is caused by a:
A)
Prion.
B)
Fungus.
C)
Protozoa.
D)
Virus.
The nurse instructing a patient in the home use of disinfectant would include the information that the disinfectant can be used to:
A)
Decrease organisms on the patient's body but take care not to use it around the patient's eyes or in the mouth.
B)
Thoroughly clean and rinse all soap off the equipment before disinfecting it.
C)
Sterilize instruments with a bacteriostatic disinfectant.
D)
First remove all organic matter prior to disinfecting.

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Exam Review

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with an assistive personnel (AP) about using personal protective equipment while caring for clients. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the AP understands the instructions?
A)
I will wear gloves and a gown when bathing a client who has open skin lesions.
B)
I will wear gloves when measuring a client's BP.
C)
I will wear gloves to reduce the number of times I have to wash my hands.
D)
I will wear gloves whenever I am in contact with clients.
The nurse cautions that a person in the incubation period of an infection:
A)
Will always exhibit symptoms within 48 hours.
B)
Will seek medical attention for the relief of symptoms.
C)
Can transmit the disease although he or she does not feel ill.
D)
Has identifiable signs of a specific illness.
An organism that is included in the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing pneumonia (ESBL) group is:
A)
Enterococcus.
B)
Escherichia coli.
C)
Staphylococcus aureus.
D)
Clostridium difficile.
A nurse is preparing a sterile field. Which of the following actions should the nurse identify as contaminating the field?
A)
Opening the sterile tray by first unfolding the flap furthest from his body.
B)
Holding a sterile item at just above waist level.
C)
Placing a sterile dressing 5 cm (2 in) from the border of the sterile field.
D)
Opening a sterile package directly over the middle of the sterile field.
E)
Opening a sterile package directly over the middle of the sterile field.

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Exam Review

When removing a used facemask, the nurse correctly:
A)
Lowers it below his chin to use the next time he enters that patient's room.
B)
Removes the mask first before removing any other PPE.
C)
Discards the mask only if it is wet; otherwise, he folds and stores it to reuse the next time.
D)
Unties the bottom ties first, then the top, and disposes of the mask without touching it.
A patient has a nursing diagnosis of infection, related to inadequate primary defenses, as evidenced by surgical incision and intravenous (IV) line access. An appropriate nursing intervention for this patient is to:
A)
Require the use of a facemask by nursing staff when they are providing care.
B)
Maintain "clean" technique in the change of wound dressing and IV site.
C)
Assess and document skin condition around the incision and IV site at each shift.
D)
Limit visitors to immediate family to decrease exposure to infection.
A nurse is caring for a patient who is in isolation. The nurse would correctly do which of the following?
A)
Shake linen when removing it from the bed.
B)
Turn faucets on and off using a paper towel.
C)
Freely take items in and out of the isolation room.
D)
Consider items dropped on the floor usable.
E)
Consider items dropped on the floor usable.
An organism that is included in the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing pneumonia (ESBL) group is:
A)
Enterococcus.
B)
Escherichia coli.
C)
Staphylococcus aureus.
D)
Clostridium difficile.

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