(A) X-linked recessive: Requires two mutated genes in females or one in males (e.g., hemophilia, Duchenne muscular dystrophy). (B) Mitochondrial: Inherited only from the mother, affects energy production. (C) Autosomal recessive: Requires two copies of a mutated gene (one from each parent) to cause disease (e.g., cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia). (D) Autosomal dominant: A single copy of a mutated gene from one parent is enough to cause a disorder. Examples include Huntington’s disease and Marfan syndrome.