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    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is caring for a client who has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and a sodium level of 123 mEq/L. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate?
      A)
      Provide a low sodium diet.
      B)
      Restrict fluid intake to 1,000 ml, per day.
      C)
      Administer desmopressin acetate.
      D)
      Maintain an IV of 0.45% sodium chloride.
    2. A nurse is reviewing a client's laboratory results and sees that their hemoglobin A1C is 9%. Which of the following statements from the nurse is appropriate?
      A)
      "Your blood sugar is too high after meals."
      B)
      "You have many dangerously low blood sugar levels."
      C)
      "Your average blood sugar is high."
      D)
      "Your blood sugar is very unstable."
    3. A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The client tells the nurse, "I can feel the congestion in my lungs, and I certainly cough a lot, but I can't seem to bring anything up." Which of the following actions should the nurse take to help this client with tenacious bronchial secretions?
      A)
      Administering oxygen via nasal cannula at 2 L/min
      B)
      Helping the client select a low-salt diet
      C)
      Maintaining a semi-Fowler's position as often as possible
      D)
      Encouraging the client to drink 2 to 3 L of water daily
    4. A nurse is teaching an older adult client who has diabetes mellitus about preventing the long-term complications of retinopathy and nephropathy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
      A)
      "Examine your feet carefully every day."
      B)
      "Wear compression stockings daily."
      C)
      "Maintain stable blood glucose levels."
      D)
      "Have an eye examination once per year."
    Page 1 of 13

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic renal disease and is receiving therapy with epoetin alfa. Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse review for an indication of a therapeutic effect of the medication?
      A)
      The hematocrit (Hct)
      B)
      The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
      C)
      The leukocyte count
      D)
      The platelet count
    2. A nurse is calculating the output of a client at the end of the shift. The nurse notes the following: client voided 400 mL at 1100 and 350 mL at 1430. The closed chest drainage system was previously marked at 155 mL and is now at 175 mL. The NG tube has 575 mL in drainage container, and 25 mL is emptied out of the Jackson-Pratt drainage tube. How many mL should the nurse record in the medical record as the client's output?
      Correct Answer:1370 mL
    3. A nurse is caring for a client with a pheochromocytoma. Which assessment finding will the nurse expect for this client?
      A)
      Decreased pulse
      B)
      Elevated blood pressure
      C)
      Cold intolerance
      D)
      Decreased respiratory rate
    4. A nurse is reviewing the medication record for a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following medications should the nurse identify as having the potential to cause nephrotoxicity?
      A)
      Ondansetron
      B)
      Diphenhydramine
      C)
      Gentamicin
      D)
      Omeprazole
    Page 2 of 13

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is preparing a client for a kidney biopsy. Which of the following client conditions should the nurse identify as a contraindication for this diagnostic test?
      A)
      Flank pain
      B)
      Elevated creatinine level
      C)
      Coagulation disorder
      D)
      Urinary retention
    2. A nurse is caring for a client who has a chest tube connected to a closed drainage system and needs to be transported to the x-ray department. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
      A)
      Keep the drainage system below the level of the client's chest at all times.
      B)
      Clamp the chest tube prior to transferring the client to a wheelchair.
      C)
      Disconnect the chest tube from the drainage system during transport.
      D)
      Empty the collection chamber prior to transport.
    3. A nurse is assessing a client who has hypothyroidism. The nurse should expect which of the following findings?
      A)
      Exophthalmos
      B)
      Weight gain
      C)
      Diaphoresis
      D)
      Palpitations
    4. A client is receiving desmopressin intranasally. Which assessment parameters would the nurse monitor to determine the effectiveness of this medication?
      A)
      Urine output
      B)
      Pupillary response
      C)
      Temperature
      D)
      Apical heart rate
    Page 3 of 13

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is caring for a client who is 5 hr postoperative following a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). The nurse notes that the client's indwelling urinary catheter has not drained in the past hour. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
      A)
      Adjust the rate of the bladder irrigation.
      B)
      Ambulate the client.
      C)
      Notify the provider.
      D)
      Check the tubing for kinks.
    2. A nurse is preparing a teaching session about reducing the risk of complications of diabetes mellitus. Which of the following information should the nurse plan to include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
      A)
      Reduce cholesterol and saturated fat intake.
      B)
      Sustain hyperglycemia to reduce deterioration of nerve cells.
      C)
      Maintain optimal blood pressure to prevent kidney damage.
      D)
      Increase physical activity and daily exercise.
      E)
      Enroll in a smoking cessation program.
    3. A prenatal client is experiencing calf pain when she walks. Which action is appropriate for the nurse to implement?
      A)
      Instruct the client to limit walking episodes.
      B)
      Tell the client that this is normal during pregnancy.
      C)
      Gather further assessment data
      D)
      Instruct the client to elevate the legs consistently throughout the day.
    4. A nurse is caring for a client who has an acute respiratory failure (ARF). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following manifestations of this condition? (Select all that apply.)
      A)
      Decreased level of consciousness
      B)
      Hypercarbia
      C)
      Severe dyspnea
      D)
      Nausea
      E)
      Tachycardia
    Page 4 of 13

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is teaching a client who has acute kidney injury about the oliguric phase. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
      A)
      BUN and creatinine levels decrease.
      B)
      Urine output is less than 400 mL per 24 hr.
      C)
      The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) recovers.
      D)
      Renal function is reestablished.
      E)
      Tachycardia
    2. The nurse assessing a client hospitalized with a diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism notes positive Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs. The nurse determines that these findings most indicate which electrolyte imbalance?
      A)
      Hypernatremia
      B)
      Hypermagnesemia
      C)
      Hypocalcemia
      D)
      Hypokalemia
    3. What information would the nurse include when educating a postsurgical client on the proper use of antiembolism stockings? (Select all that apply)
      A)
      The impairment to blood flow if the stockings are too tight
      B)
      The removal of the stocking only once daily for 30 minutes.
      C)
      Skin hygiene and assessment to be done each time the stockings are removed
      D)
      The need to wear the stocking when both in and out of bed
      E)
      The measuring of the length and circumference of the leg to ensure proper fit.
    4. A nurse is teaching a client who is recovering from a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy. Which statement made by the client indicates a correct understanding of the teaching?
      A)
      "I must restrict my fluid intake."
      B)
      "I must avoid deep breathing exercises."
      C)
      "I must lie flat for 48 hours after surgery."
      D)
      "I must avoid blowing my nose and bending at the waist."
    Page 5 of 13

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is assessing a client who has a pneumothorax with a chest tube in place. For which of the following findings should the nurse notify the provider?
      A)
      Bubbling of the water in the water seal chamber with exhalation
      B)
      Movement of the trachea toward the unaffected side
      C)
      Scant serosanguinous drainage is found on the dressing
      D)
      Crepitus in the area above and surrounding the insertion site
    2. A nurse is preparing to administer furosemide 40 mg IV. Available is furosemide 10 mg/1 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose?
    3. A nurse is teaching about disease management for a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which statement made by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
      A)
      "I give the insulin injections in my abdominal area."
      B)
      "I am to take my blood sugar reading after meals."
      C)
      "Insulin allows me to eat ice cream at bedtime."
      D)
      "A weight reduction program will make me hypoglycemic."
    4. A nurse is monitoring a client who is postoperative following a thyroidectomy. Which of the following data should the nurse identify as the priority to monitor?
      A)
      Airway patency
      B)
      Temperature
      C)
      Pain control
      D)
      Urination
    Page 6 of 13