Exam Review

A pediatric client weighs 49 lb 2 oz. Convert the weight to kilograms.
A)
50.1 kg
B)
21.2 kg
C)
23.2 kg
D)
22.3kg
A 17-kg child has been prescribed cefaclor 340 mg orally every 12 hours. The recommended dosage is 10 to 20 mg/kg/day. After calculating the total daily dose, the nurse finds it exceeds the recommended range. What is the nurse's most appropriate action?
A)
Hold the medication and wait for the next scheduled dose without further action.
B)
Administer the medication as prescribed since the dose matches the prescription.
C)
Double-check the child's weight and administer half the prescribed dose to ensure safety.
D)
Notify the prescriber to review and potentially adjust the dosage to fall within the safe range.
A 3-year-old child is prescribed a medication with a recommended dose of 5 mg/kg/day. The child weighs 15 kg. The medication is to be given twice a day. What is the correct dose per administration?
A)
30 mg
B)
37.5 mg
C)
45 mg
D)
50 mg
A pediatric client weighs 50 lb. If the provider prescribes a medication dosage of 10 mg/kg/day, how much medication in mg should the nurse administer per day?
A)
200 mg
B)
227 mg
C)
100 mg
D)
250 mg

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Exam Review

You are asked to set up an IV infusion using a macrodrip system. You know that a macrodrip system may deliver how many drops per ml?
A)
20, 40, 60
B)
100, 150, 200
C)
10, 15, 20
D)
1,5,10
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a pediatric patient whose weight has been recorded as 18 pounds. The medication dosage is calculated as 30 mg/kg. What is the correct dosage in mg for this patient?
Correct Answer:245 mg
A nurse identifies early signs of phlebitis at a client's IV site. What is the priority nursing action?
A)
Slow the infusion rate
B)
Apply a warm compress and continue monitoring
C)
Flush the IV site with normal saline
D)
Stop the infusion and remove the IV
A nurse experiences a needlestick injury while administering a medication. Which of the following actions is MOST appropriate for the nurse to take first?
A)
Rinse the affected area and continue working unless symptoms develop
B)
Wait until the end of the shift to document the occurrence
C)
ignore the injury unless the source patient is known to be infectious
D)
Report the incident and follow facility protocol for follow-up testing

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Exam Review

A nurse is preparing to administer 0.9% sodium chloride IV infusion 1000 mL bag at a rate of 200 mL/hr for a client who has rhabdomyolysis The nurse should expect the IV pump to infuse over how many hr? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer:5 hrs
A nurse is preparing to administer an injection to a patient who requires a small volume of medication for allergy testing. Considering the characteristics of different injection routes, which action should the nurse prioritize to ensure the correct technique for this intradermal injection and accurate results?
A)
Use a transdermal patch to apply the medication over a hairless skin site for continuous absorption.
B)
Deliver the medication intramuscularly at a 90° angle into a large muscle to allow rapid absorption of the medication.
C)
Administer the medication subcutaneously at a 45° angle into the fatty tissue to promote slow absorption.
D)
Inject the medication intradermally at a 10-15° angle and observe for a small bleb formation on the skin.
A nurse is caring for a patient who has a peripheral IV saline lock in place but is not currently receiving a continuous infusion. Which action best maintains the patency of the saline lock?
A)
Flush the IV with heparin instead of saline
B)
Leave the IV catheter open to air when not in use to prevent pressure build-up.
C)
Flush the IV catheter with saline before and after medication administration and every 8 to 12 hours when not in use.
D)
Clamp the IV tubing after each medication administration without flushing.
A nurse is preparing to administer magnesium sulfate 1 g in 100 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride over 2 hours. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 30 gtt/mL. How many gtt/min should the nurse set the manual IV infusion to deliver?
A)
10 gtt/min
B)
30 gtt/min
C)
15 gtt/min
D)
25 gtt/min

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Exam Review

Which of the following is the correct definition for the term metabolism?
A)
process through which a medication is broken down into useful and inactive compounds
B)
movement of a medication to targeted areas and organs.
C)
change to a different unit of measure
D)
process by which the body eliminates waste products following medication metabolism.
A nurse is preparing to initiate patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) for a postoperative client. Which of the following medications may possibly be given via the PCA? (Select all that apply)
A)
Ertapenem for postoperative infection
B)
Hydromorphone for pain
C)
Fentanyl for pain
D)
Morphine for pain
E)
Insulin for glycemic control,
A patient is prescribed a medication to be infused using a microdrip system. How many drops per mL of fluid does a microdrip set usually deliver?
A)
6 grt/mL
B)
60 gtt/ml
C)
20 g/mL
D)
600 g/mL
Which of the following definitions matches the term 'hypertonic?
A)
Administration of a small volume of intravenous solution, connected to and hung higher than a primary intravenous solution.
B)
Solution that has the same concentration of solutes as human blood.
C)
Intravenous solutions are less concentrated than blood and other body fluids. These solutions are used to treat a fluid and electrolyte imbalance by moving water into the cells.
D)
Intravenous solutions are more concentrated than body fluids. They pull fluid from the interstitial spaces and cells into the veins.

Page 4 of 13

Exam Review

A nurse calculates a medication dose that differs from the amount available in the unit-dose system. After completing the calculation, what is the nurse's best next action to ensure safe medication administration?
A)
Have a second nurse verify the calculation before preparing and administering the medication.
B)
Administer the medication without verification because the calculation was done by a licensed nurse.
C)
Discard the medication and request a new dose from the pharmacy without verifying calculations.
D)
Prepare the medication immediately to save time.
A provider prescribes 100 mg/kg/day of medication for a child weighing 49 lb 2 oz. What is the total daily dose in milligrams? Round to the nearest whole number.
A)
2000 mg
B)
2233 mg
C)
2500 mg
D)
3000 mg
A nurse is preparing to administer 1,200 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride IV to infuse over 10 hours. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 20 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number.)
A)
25 gtt/min
B)
50 gtt/min
C)
30 gtt/min
D)
40 gtt/min
Which of the following definitions matches the term hypotonic?
A)
Intravenous solutions are more concentrated than body fluids. They pull fluid from the interstitial spaces and cells into the veins.
B)
Intravenous solutions are less concentrated than blood and other body fluids. These solutions are used to treat a fluid and electrolyte imbalance by moving water into the cells.
C)
Solution that has the same concentration of solutes as human blood.
D)
Administration of a small volume of intravenous solution, connected to and hung higher than a primary intravenous solution.

Page 5 of 13

Exam Review

A nurse has reconstituted a vial of powdered medication. What is the most appropriate next step to ensure safe administration?
A)
Label the vial with the reconstituted dosage strength, date and time of preparation, expiration date and time, the nurse's initials, and the storage method.
B)
Store the vial without labeling to avoid delays in administration,
C)
Administer the medication without labeling, as labeling is unnecessary for Immediate use.
D)
Discard the vial immediately after reconstitution.
Which actions should the nurse take when calculating and administering weight-based pediatric medication dosages? (Select all that apply)
A)
Use the current weight obtained during the visit.
B)
Administer the medication dose based on the nurse's estimation.
C)
Convert the weight to kilograms if it is recorded in pounds.
D)
Round the weight down to a whole number for easier calculations
E)
Use a previous weight documented during the last visit.
Which of the following clients would not be a candidate for a peripheral IV?
A)
A client experiencing nausea and vomiting needing replacement electrolytes
B)
A client experiencing dehydration receiving short term replacement fluids
C)
A client needing chemo infusion for 6-8 weeks
D)
A client receiving fluids postoperatively
A medication order reads 0.5 mg/kg for a child weighing 20 kg. If the recommended dosage range is 10 mg to 15 mg, what is the appropriate action?
A)
Administer the calculated dose of 10 mg.
B)
Give the medication without calculating.
C)
Administer 15 mg to meet the maximum range.
D)
Hold the medication until further clarification.

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