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    Exam Review

    1. Which outcome should a nurse anticipate will happen when a patient's first ELISA result is positive?
      A)
      Another blood sample must be obtained for testing.
      B)
      A Western blot test is performed on the same sample.
      C)
      The test is repeated in 6 to 8 months.
      D)
      The diagnosis of AIDS is confirmed.
    2. Which statement indicates when a patient with HIV is considered to have progressed to AIDS?
      A)
      Two or more opportunistic infections are diagnosed.
      B)
      Kaposi sarcoma appears.
      C)
      CD4 cell level drops to 200.
      D)
      Patient tested positive for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
    3. A nurse is obtaining a health history from a client who has iron deficiency anemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
      A)
      Slurred speech
      B)
      Fatigue
      C)
      Confusion
      D)
      Pain
    4. A 52-year-old man has a diagnosis of aplastic anemia. Which information in the patient history is pertinent to this diagnosis?
      A)
      Long family history of cancer
      B)
      25-year employee in a chemical plant
      C)
      Regular blood donor
      D)
      Gain of 5 lb in the last 2 years
    Page 1 of 13

    Exam Review

    1. The nursing staff of an oncology unit cautions visitors to be free of infections before visiting patients. Which physical change can chemotherapy and decreased bone marrow production cause in these patients?
      A)
      Edema
      B)
      Hypovolemia
      C)
      Neutropenia
      D)
      Hemorrhage
    2. A nurse is caring for a patient receiving a transfusion and assesses that the patient is wheezing and is complaining of back pain. Which nursing action should take place after stopping the transfusion?
      A)
      Administer heparin.
      B)
      Notify the charge nurse.
      C)
      Raise the patient's head.
      D)
      Discontinue the intravenous (IV) transfusion.
    3. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has lupus. Which of the following health conditions should the nurse include in the reinforced teaching?
      A)
      Bone degeneration
      B)
      Diabetes
      C)
      Cardiovascular disease
      D)
      Infertility
    4. A 24-year-old woman is admitted to the hospital for a complete medical examination. Her current complaints are indicative of SLE. Which symptom would indicate this diagnosis?
      A)
      Musculoskeletal pain in the hands
      B)
      Recent weight gain of 10 lb
      C)
      Frequent episodes of diarrhea
      D)
      Difficulty breathing in the morning
    Page 2 of 13

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is caring for a patient with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura who is having plasmapheresis every day. Which assessment alerts the nurse of a complication?
      A)
      Seizure activity
      B)
      Hypotension
      C)
      Diarrhea
      D)
      Intense headache
    2. A nurse is caring for Joseph, a patient who developed mucosal swelling, urticaria, and swollen face and eyes after starting amoxicillin. His respiratory rate is 24/min, heart rate is 110/min, and lungs are clear but breathing is labored. What nursing action should have the highest priority?
      A)
      Obtain a complete allergy history and monitor vital signs every 30 minutes.
      B)
      Apply a cool compress to swollen areas to reduce edema and provide comfort.
      C)
      Administer epinephrine immediately and prepare for possible airway management.
      D)
      Administer oral antihistamines to relieve urticaria and monitor for progression.
    3. A nurse reviews the laboratory results of a patient with a hemoglobin level of 7.2 g/100 mL and hematocrit of 20%. Considering these values, which action should the nurse prioritize in documenting and planning care for this patient?
      A)
      Document the findings and increase the frequency of vital signs monitoring without further action unless symptoms worsen.
      B)
      Record the values and prioritize assessing the patient's nutritional intake before notifying the provider.
      C)
      Note the values as within normal limits and continue routine monitoring during the next scheduled visit.
      D)
      Document the findings as severe anemia and notify the healthcare provider immediately for possible interventions such as blood transfusion.
    4. Which symptom should a nurse recognize as being pertinent to a possible diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)?
      A)
      Bloody diarrhea
      B)
      Butterfly rash of the face
      C)
      Thinning hair
      D)
      Protruding abdomen
    Page 3 of 13

    Exam Review

    1. Which medical history information is significant to potential bleeding problems? (Select all that apply.)
      A)
      Takes nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the relief of arthritic pain four times a day
      B)
      Eats red meat three times a week
      C)
      Had a cardiac valve replaced 6 months earlier
      D)
      Has hepatitis B
      E)
      Drinks two glasses of wine a day
    2. A 35-year-old man is examined in an urgent care clinic. His presenting symptoms suggest polycythemia vera. Which extreme laboratory value would confirm this possible diagnosis?
      A)
      High iron level
      B)
      High hemoglobin level
      C)
      Low platelet count
      D)
      Low white cell count
    3. Which complication happens to the sickle-shaped red blood cells during a sickle cell crisis?
      A)
      Production of hemoglobin S
      B)
      Rupture
      C)
      Interference with blood production
      D)
      Obstruction of major arteries
    4. Which nursing action is the most important to implement when preparing to give ferrous sulfate (Feosol) to a home health care patient?
      A)
      Mix the drug with a high-protein milkshake.
      B)
      Mix it with coffee or cola to disguise the bitter taste.
      C)
      Give it undiluted with a small snack.
      D)
      Dilute it and offer through a straw and a few crackers.
    Page 4 of 13

    Exam Review

    1. A patient is scheduled to take tetracycline and aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) at the same time. Which time accurately describes when the nurse will administer the medications to achieve the optimal effects?
      A)
      Both medications together
      B)
      Tetracycline 1 hour before Amphojel
      C)
      Amphojel 30 minutes before tetracycline
      D)
      Tetracycline with orange juice
    2. An 11-year-old girl is diagnosed with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Which parental statement helps the nurse evaluate that teaching is successful?
      A)
      "Our daughter should avoid drugs containing sulfonamides."
      B)
      "Our daughter will need genetic counseling before she marries."
      C)
      "When our daughter's hemoglobin falls below 3.5, she'll need blood."
      D)
      "Our daughter can still be involved in gymnastics."
    3. A nurse is caring for a client who reports pain in their lower extremities following surgery. Which of the following should the nurse address first?
      A)
      Last bowel movement 2 days ago
      B)
      Reports pain as 5 on a scale of 0 to 10
      C)
      Been on bedrest for 3 days
      D)
      Consumed 35% of meals for 12 hr
    4. A nurse assesses a neutrophil count of 900/mm3 in a patient with acute leukemia. Which action should the nurse anticipate initiating?
      A)
      Injections of blood-building medication
      B)
      A high-protein diet
      C)
      Compromised host precautions
      D)
      Increased doses of steroids
    Page 5 of 13

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is administering the disease-modifying anti-rheumatic medication hydroxychloroquine to a client who has rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following potential health conditions should the nurse inform the client may occur?
      A)
      Development of ulcers
      B)
      Eye problems
      C)
      Weight fluctuations
      D)
      High cholesterol
    2. Which sign should a nurse report when caring for the patient with AIDS who has cutaneous Kaposi sarcoma?
      A)
      Weight loss
      B)
      Abdominal pain
      C)
      Fatigue
      D)
      Nausea
    3. A nurse is caring for a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who suddenly develops large bruises, bleeding from the gums, and severe back pain. Which life-threatening complication should the nurse immediately suspect and prioritize for intervention?
      A)
      Sepsis with disseminated bleeding
      B)
      Hemolytic anemia crisis
      C)
      Tumor lysis syndrome
      D)
      Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
    4. Which problem should take priority in the care of an outpatient with AIDS?
      A)
      Skin integrity
      B)
      Physical mobility
      C)
      Social isolation
      D)
      Therapeutic regimen management
    Page 6 of 13