Exam Review
- How should a nurse handle a medication error that has occurred during administration?A)Cover up the error to avoid repercussionsB)Blame the pharmacy for growing the wrong medicationC)Wait until the end of the shift to address the error.D)Notify the healthcare provider and document the error
- A patient in a hypertensive crisis is prescribed hydralazine. What is the primary action of hydralazine in treating hypertensive crisis?A)Inhibits the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone systemB)Promotes sodium and water retentionC)increases heart rate to improve cardiac outputD)Directly causes arterial vasodilation to decrease blood pressure
- A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for clopidogrel Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?A)Have suction equipment at the bedsideB)initiate contact precautionsC)Monitor the client for black tarry stoolsD)Administer medication with each meal
- A37-year-old female patient who smokes 20 cigarettes a day is prescribed oral contraceptives. Which nursing action is the priority based on the patient's history and medication?A)Encourage the patient to take oral contraceptives at the same time every day to improve effectivenessB)Advise the patient to quit smoking before starting oral contraceptives due to increased risk of blood dots, MI, and stroke.C)Instruct the patient to monitor fair signs of nausea and mood changes as common side effects of oral contraceptivesD)Recommend the patent increase fat intake to reduce the risk of blood clots while taking oral contraceptives
Exam Review
- A client refuses to take a prescribed medication. What is the nurse's responsibility in this situation?A)Force the client to take the medicationB)Document the refusal and notify the healthcare providerC)Administer the medication covertlyD)ignore the refusal and move on to the next task
- During medication reconciliation, a nurse finds a duplication in a client's medication list. What should the nurse do next?A)Ask the client which medication they prefer to takeB)Discontinue one of the medications immediatelyC)Continue with the current medications as prescribed.D)Notify the healthcare provider for further instructions
- Which of the following side effects is most commonly associated with first-generation antihistamines like diphenhydramine?A)DrowsinessB)DiarrheaC)BradycardiaD)Restless
- A nurse is educating a client who has inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) about managing their condition with corticosteroids. Which of the following statements by the nurse accurately describes the primary action of corticosteroids in treating IBDA)Corticosteroids increase the immune response and enhance inflammation, aggravating symptomsB)Corticosteroids balance electrolytes and water in the body improving gut motility in IBDC)Corticosteroids suppress the immune system and reduce inflammation, helping to improve symptoms in IBD.D)Corticosteroids increase the production of proinflammatory cytokines, improving symptoms in IBD.
Exam Review
- A patient has been prescribed an opioid analgesic for postoperative pain management. The nurse should prioritize which intervention to address the potential adverse effect of constipationA)Monitor the patient’s respiratory rateB)Encourage increased fluid take and her intakeC)Administer an antiemeticD)Administer a benzodiazepine
- A patient with chest pain is prescribed nitroglycerin. After taking the medication the patient reports no more chest pain, but is experiencing a headache. Which medication from the choices below would the nurse anticipate the doctor to order for this new symptom?A)MorphineB)CodeineC)MetoprololD)Acetaminophen
- A nurse is preparing to administer ferrous sulfate to a patient. For which condition is the nurse administering this medication for?A)AnemiaB)HypertensionC)HyperthyroidismD)Rheumatoid Arthritis
- A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a client about to begin chemotherapy and has a history of severe nausea and vomiting as a result. Which medication should the nurse anticipate administering prophylactically to best prevent nausea and vomiting related to chemotherapy?A)Polyethylene glycol, an osmotic laxativeB)Omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitorC)Loperamide, an opioidD)Ondansetron, a selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist given 30 minutes before chemotherapy
Exam Review
- A patient who has started taking an ACE inhibitor reports feeling lightheaded when standing up quickly. What action should the nurse recommend to the patient?A)Administer a potassium supplement to counteract the lightheadednessB)Encourage the patient to skip doses of the ACE inhibitor to prevent lightheadedness.C)Stand up slowly from a sting or lying position to avoid sudden drops in blood pressureD)increase the daily dose of the ACE inhibitor for better control of blood pressure
- When educating a client about a new medication, what is the nurse's primary responsibility?A)Only educate about the medication's costB)Rely on the pharmacy's printed instructions.C)Encourage the client to research the medication independentlyD)Provide comprehensive education on the medication's use and side effects.
- A type 2 diabetic patient is receiving education on the meglitinide, repaglinide for treatment of hyperglycemia. Which statement below demonstrates the patient understands the pharmacologic action of this drug?A)"This medication works exactly like insulin does and will actively reduce blood glucose after meals”B)"if I combine this drug with a sulfonylurea, I am at an increased risk for hyperglycemia”C)"This medication only works if my pancreas still produces insulin since it stimulates my pancreas to secrete more insulin”D)"Once I start on this medication, I won't have to change much since the medication will keep my blood glucose levels down for me”
- A patient who is taking the loop diuretic furosemide is being prescribed the osmotic laxative polyethylene glycol. Which of the risks below should the patient be aware of before starting this new medication?A)An increased risk for fluid and electrolyte imbalancesB)An increased risk for hepatotoxicityC)An increased risk for constipationD)An increased risk for developing peptic ulcers
Exam Review
- A pregnant woman is past her due date and has been admitted to the woman's services department to induce labor. From the drug categories below, which drug does the nurse expect to be ordered for this patient?A)Terbutaline, a beta2-adrenergic agonistB)Bisacodyl the gastrointestinal stimulantC)Oxytocin, a uterine stimulantD)Levonorgestrel, an emergency contraceptive
- A client is taking a medication known to interact with grapefruit juice. What action should the nurse take?A)Suggest substituting grapefruit juice with orange juice for better resultsB)Advise the client to drink grapefruit juice to enhance medication efficacyC)Educate the client to avoid grapefruit juice while on the medicationD)Encourage the client to take the medication with grapefruit juice for better absorption.
- A patient with advanced Alzheimer's disease who is nonverbal has been receiving the cholinesterase inhibitor donepezil. Which of the following assessment findings requires immediate nursing intervention?A)The patient is unable to verbally respond when asked questions by the nurse.B)The patient presented with black tarry stool when getting changed.C)The patient displays a blood pressure reading of 110/72D)The patient presented with black tarry stool when getting changed.
- A nurse is preparing to educate a client who takes the sulfonylurea glipizide on how to take the medication, which instruction should the nurse prioritize to ensure client safety?A)Tell the client to take glipizide right before bedtime to avoid hypoglycemia symptoms during the day.B)Encourage the client to take the medication with water even if skipping meals to maintain consistent dosingC)instruct the client to double the next dose to compensate for the missed meal and prevent hyperglycemia.D)Advise the client to take his medication thirty minutes before a meal to reduce the incidence of hypoglycemia
Exam Review
- A patient has presented to the ER with signs and symptoms of gastrointestinal bleeding and a history of peptic ulcers. From the categories below, which drug should the nurse expect the doctor to order?A)Osmotic laxativeB)Proton pump inhibitorC)Antihistamine/AnticholinergicD)Serotonin 5-HT3 antagonist
- A nurse is reinforcing education about administering insulin with a client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the nurse about injection site selection is accurate?A)"Injections should be administered into the fatty part under your skin.”B)"If you run out of insulin syringes, it is ok to use another type of syringe, as long as you are sure you are administering the correct dose”C)"Injections will work most quickly when given deeply into the gluteus muscle.”D)“If you are eating there is no need to check glucose before administration."
- A patient prescribed the benzodiazepine alprazolam for anxiety reports to the nurse that they consume alcohol heavily on weekends. Which statement made by the nurse is important education the patient should receive before beginning their new medication?A)"Drinking alcohol is fine as long as you limit your drinking to one or two servings while on your medication."B)"Drinking alcohol with your medication can increase its action. Best practice is to cut your dosage in half if you plan to drink”C)Combining these two substances can lead severe CNS suppression which is potentially fatal. These two substances should never be mixed together.”D)"Combining the two substances can have a synergistic effect. This should help greatly with your anxiety”
- A sixteen year old patient started on the serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor venlafaxine 2 weeks ago. The patient states that he is confused since he thought he was supposed to "feel better with the medication. He goes on to say that he is tired of all the visits and just wants to "go to sleep forever". What is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take?A)The nurse recognizes this as abnormal and responds with "Do you have a plan to hurt yourself?”B)The nurse recognizes this as normal and responds with, "SNRIs like venlafaxine can cause insomnia. Take your dosage earlier in the day to avoid this”C)The nurse recognizes this as normal and responds with, "Maybe a long nap is just what you need to get some rest.”D)The nurse recognizes this as abnormal and responds with, "I will ask the doctor if we need to increase your dosage to treat your new symptoms."