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    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching about self-administered peritoneal dialysis with a client. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
      A)
      "I should use the microwave in my kitchen to warm the solution before using it."
      B)
      "The catheter can be handled using clean precautions."
      C)
      "The amount of the liquid output should be greater than what was put in."
      D)
      "The fluid from my abdomen will be slightly cloudy."
    2. A nurse is preparing to obtain a 24-hr urine collection from a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
      A)
      Include toilet paper with the collected urine.
      B)
      Discard the client's last void at the end of the collection time period.
      C)
      Save the first void at the start of the collection time period.
      D)
      The nurse should discard the first void to obtain an accurate specimen.
    3. A nurse is obtaining a health history from a client. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a modifiable risk factor for developing a disease?
      A)
      Age
      B)
      Genetics
      C)
      Sunbathing
      D)
      Family history
    4. A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for a blood sampling for a serum creatinine level. The client asks the nurse, "What is the purpose for this test?" Which of the following responses should the nurse give?
      A)
      "This test will inform your provider if you have a thyroid disorder."
      B)
      "This test will inform your provider how your kidneys are functioning."
      C)
      "This test will inform your provider if you are anemic."
      D)
      "This test will inform your provider if you have an infection."
    Page 1 of 12

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about monitoring weight with a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
      A)
      Weigh at the same time each day.
      B)
      Measure weight just prior to voiding.
      C)
      Calibrate weight scales every week.
      D)
      Use several different scales to obtain the weight.
    2. A nurse is assisting with an assessment in the clinic for a female client who reports foul-smelling urine and pain with urination. The client states, "I bet I have a UTI. Why do I tend to get urinary tract infections?" Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the explanation?
      A)
      "As a female, you have more E. coli in your gastrointestinal system that can enter the bladder through your urethra."
      B)
      "As a female, you have a shorter urethra creating an easier way for bacteria to invade your bladder."
      C)
      "If you take too many showers you are more susceptible to getting a UTI because you are washing off the protective bacteria."
      D)
      "At your age, you have more sexual intercourse than older females making you more likely to get a UTI."
    3. A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with advanced COPD who is currently receiving curative treatments but is experiencing increasing symptom burden. The patient and family are considering enrollment in either hospice or palliative care. Which statement best differentiates palliative care from hospice care in this scenario?
      A)
      Hospice care provides unrestricted time frames for service delivery and focuses on aggressive disease management.
      B)
      Palliative care can be provided alongside curative treatments and does not have a strict life expectancy requirement.
      C)
      Palliative care is only appropriate when curative treatments have been stopped and the patient is imminently dying.
      D)
      Hospice care requires that the patient has a life expectancy of six months or less and focuses solely on comfort care without curative treatment.
    4. A nurse is caring for a client who is in the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
      A)
      Provide ibuprofen for retroperitoneal discomfort.
      B)
      Encourage the client to consume at least 2 L of fluid daily.
      C)
      Monitor intake and output hourly
      D)
      Provide a diet high in protein.
    Page 2 of 12

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is collecting data for a client who has early manifestations of renal impairment. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
      A)
      Yellowish-gray skin
      B)
      Diluted urine
      C)
      Muscle cramps
      D)
      Weight gain
    2. A nurse has administered preoperative medications to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse implement?
      A)
      Educate the client about the surgical procedure.
      B)
      Provide assistance to the bathroom.
      C)
      Have the client sign the informed consent.
      D)
      Place side rails in an upright position.
    3. A nurse is reviewing surgical screening lab work with a client who has arrived for an elective procedure. During which of the following phases is this task performed?
      A)
      Perioperative
      B)
      Postoperative
      C)
      Intraoperative
      D)
      Preoperative
    4. The nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client about a new prescription for furosemide. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
      A)
      "I need to limit my sun exposure and wear sunscreen while on this medication."
      B)
      "I should limit my fluid intake while taking this medication."
      C)
      "My blood pressure will increase while I am taking this medication."
      D)
      "I should eat a diet low in potassium while taking this medication."
    Page 3 of 12

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is gathering medical history from a client admitted for pyelonephritis. Which of the following should the nurse expect the client to report when asked about their medical history?
      A)
      The client reports that they took a lot of ibuprofen for arthritis for many years.
      B)
      The client reports that they had two urinary tract infections (UTI) in the past 10 months.
      C)
      The client states that they consume a high calcium diet and have had high calcium in their blood.
      D)
      The client states that they remember their mother saying their grandma had this same genetic disease.
    2. Which of the following should the nurse include in an educational session about wellness, as the key aspect of achieving wellness?
      A)
      Active pursuit of wellness
      B)
      Having no risk factors
      C)
      Scheduling annual health screenings
      D)
      Absence of genetic abnormalities
    3. An older adult client in a long-term care facility has dementia and begins to have frequent episodes of urinary incontinence. After the provider finds no medical cause for his incontinence, which of the following interventions should the nurse initiate to manage this behavior?
      A)
      Use adult diapers to prevent frequent clothing changes.
      B)
      Remind the client to tell the nurse when he has to urinate.
      C)
      Take the client to the bathroom on an every-2-hr schedule.
      D)
      Request a prescription for an indwelling urinary catheter.
    4. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is scheduled for a percutaneous kidney biopsy. Which of the following client statements indicates a need for further teaching?
      A)
      "I will need to lie on my back for several hours after the procedure."
      B)
      "It's okay for me to take my anticoagulant the morning of the biopsy."
      C)
      "I should avoid taking aspirin before the biopsy."
      D)
      "I will report any flank pain or hematuria after the procedure."
    Page 4 of 12

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is collecting information from a client at a local clinic. The nurse should recognize that which of the following social determinants of health may affect this client's outcomes?
      A)
      The client reports difficulty affording healthy groceries and insulin each month.
      B)
      If the client is socially active, they will succeed in life.
      C)
      Clients born to immigrant parents will be more successful because they may be bilingual.
      D)
      The client has a body mass index (BMI) of 34
    2. A nurse is caring for a client in a clinic who has foul-smelling urine, a low-grade fever of 37.7° C (100° F), and pain with urination. Which of the following should the nurse expect the health care provider to order?
      A)
      (Select All that Apply.)
      B)
      Blood cultures x2
      C)
      0.9% sodium chloride infusion at 100 ml/hr
      D)
      Broad-spectrum antibiotic
      E)
      Foley catheter placement
      F)
      A clean-catch urinalysis and urine culture
      G)
      WBC count
    3. A nurse is teaching a community group about the importance of vaccination and ways to protect themselves from illness. Which of the following statements should the nurse include as the primary reason vaccinations are recommended?
      A)
      "Vaccines are recommended so that medicines such as antihypertensives will not be necessary."
      B)
      "Vaccinations are recommended because they help your body glow and improve your skin tone."
      C)
      "Vaccinations protect you from serious diseases and help prevent the spread of illness to others."
      D)
      "Vaccinations are recommended mainly to treat illnesses after you get sick."
    4. A nurse is collecting data from a client who has end-stage kidney disease and is waiting for transport to dialysis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
      A)
      Facial flushing
      B)
      Peripheral edema
      C)
      Diaphoresis
      D)
      Hypotension
    Page 5 of 12

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has hypertension and chronic kidney disease. The client is scheduled for hemodialysis. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take while caring for this client? (Select all that apply.)
      A)
      Obtain the client's weight.
      B)
      Administer a sedative to the client.
      C)
      Check the graft site for a palpable thrill.
      D)
      Verify the glomerular filtration rate.
      E)
      Document vital signs.
    2. A nurse is assessing an older adult client who has a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as unique for this age group?
      A)
      Incontinence
      B)
      Confusion
      C)
      Low back pain
      D)
      Urinary retention
    3. A nurse is preparing to witness informed consent for a client having surgery. Which of the following priority information should the nurse share with the client while witnessing consent?
      A)
      The type of anesthesia that will be used
      B)
      The visiting hours in the surgical areas
      C)
      The number of surgical staff that will be in the operating room
      D)
      The nurses that will be on staff in the recovery room
    4. A nurse is reviewing the chart of a client who is scheduled to have radiological studies of the kidneys performed with the use of IV contrast dye. Which of the following client medications should the nurse withhold prior to the examination?
      A)
      Simvastatin
      B)
      Pantoprazole
      C)
      Valsartan
      D)
      Metformin
    Page 6 of 12