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    Exam Review

    1. A nurse assesses a patient with renal insufficiency and a low red blood cell count. The patient asks, "Is my anemia related to my kidney problem?". Which statement would serve as the basis for the nurse's response?
      A)
      Red blood cells produce erythropoietin, which increases blood flow to the kidneys.
      B)
      Your anemia and kidney problem are related to inadequate vitamin D and a loss of bone density.
      C)
      Erythropoietin is usually released from the kidneys and stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow.
    2. A nurse is caring for a patient with peptic ulcer disease who reports a sudden onset of sharp abdominal pain and, on palpation, the client's abdomen is tense and rigid. What action takes priority?
      A)
      Percuss all four abdominal quadrants.
      B)
      Take and document a set of vital signs.
      C)
      Notify the healthcare provider immediately.
      D)
      Administer the prescribed pain medication.
    3. A nurse is caring for an older adult patient who has had surgery for an intestinal obstruction and has an NG tube to wall suction. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the patient's postoperative plan of care? (Select all that apply)
      (SATA)
      A)
      Encourage the use of an incentive spirometer every 2 hours while the client is awake.
      B)
      Discontinue suction when assessing for peristalsis.
      C)
      Place sequential compression devices on the bilateral lower extremities.
      D)
      Reposition the patient from side to side every 2 hours.
    4. A nurse caring for a patient with Cushing Syndrome who must remain on continued glucocorticoid therapy for another health problem will use which of the following actions to prevent harm?
      A)
      Urging the patient to salt his or her food.
      B)
      Using non-adhesive methods to secure an IV access.
      C)
      Taking medication every other day.
      D)
      Testing voided urine for the presence of glucose.
    Page 1 of 11

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse assesses a patient who has ulcerative colitis and severe diarrhea. Which assessment would the nurse complete first?
      A)
      Heart rate and rhythm.
      B)
      Percussion of the abdomen.
      C)
      Inspection of oral mucosa.
      D)
      Recent dietary intake.
    2. A nurse is caring for a patient who has a body mass index (BMI) of 18. The nurse should place the patient in which of the following BMI categories?
      A)
      Obese.
      B)
      Overweight.
      C)
      Underweight.
      D)
      Healthy weight.
    3. A nurse is teaching an older adult patient who has diabetes mellitus about preventing the long-term complications of retinopathy and nephropathy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
      A)
      Maintain stable blood glucose levels.
      B)
      Examine your feet carefully every day.
      C)
      Wear compression stockings daily.
      D)
      Have an eye examination once per year.
    4. The nurse inserts a small-bore nasoduodenal tube for a patient who is undernourished. What priority nursing action is required prior to starting the continuous tube feeding to confirm correct tube placement?
      A)
      Request an x-ray before starting the feeding.
      B)
      Assess for carbon dioxide using capnometry.
      C)
      Auscultate over the epigastric area.
      D)
      Perform pH testing of gastric fluid.
    Page 2 of 11

    Exam Review

    1. When determining the focus group for a community screening program, the nurse recognizes which ethnic group as having the highest incidence of colorectal cancer?
      A)
      Jewish.
      B)
      Asian American.
      C)
      Native American.
      D)
      African American.
    2. A nurse is caring for an older adult patient who has a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as a finding specifically associated with this client?
      A)
      Urinary retention.
      B)
      Incontinence.
      C)
      Confusion.
      D)
      Low back pain.
    3. A nurse is assessing a patient who has peritonitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
      A)
      Hyperactive bowel sounds.
      B)
      Increased urinary output.
      C)
      Rigid abdomen.
      D)
      Frequent bowel movements.
    4. When caring for a patient having a hypoglycemic episode, the nurse knows which symptom requires immediate intervention?
      A)
      Hunger.
      B)
      Weakness.
      C)
      Headache.
      D)
      Confusion.
    Page 3 of 11

    Exam Review

    1. The nurse is assessing a patient for risk of developing metabolic syndrome. Which risk factor would the nurse recognize as being associated with this health condition?
      A)
      Hypoglycemia.
      B)
      Abdominal obesity.
      C)
      Hyperthyroidism.
      D)
      Hypotension.
    2. A nurse is caring for a patient who has a blood glucose of 52 mg/dL and is lethargic but can follow simple instructions. Which action should the nurse perform first?
      A)
      Report findings to the provider.
      B)
      Call the lab for a stat serum glucose level.
      C)
      Recheck the blood glucose in 15 minutes.
      D)
      Provide 4 oz of fruit juice.
    3. Which menu selection indicates that the older adult patient correctly understands the dietary teaching provided to promote effective elimination?
      A)
      Ham sandwich on white bread, cup of applesauce, carbonated beverage.
      B)
      Grilled cheese sandwich, small banana, cup of hot tea with lemon.
      C)
      Baked tilapia, fresh green beans, cup of coffee with low-fat milk.
      D)
      Broiled chicken with brown rice, steamed broccoli, glass of apple juice.
    4. A patient has an open traditional hiatal hernia repair this morning. What is the nurse's priority for patient care at this time?
      A)
      Managing surgical pain.
      B)
      Ambulating the patient early.
      C)
      Preventing respiratory complications.
      D)
      Managing the nasogastric tube.
    Page 4 of 11

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is planning care for a patient who has cystitis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
      A)
      Instruct the client to drink 1 L of fluid each day.
      B)
      Instruct the client to drink 240 mL of tomato juice each day.
      C)
      Instruct the client to avoid drinking carbonated beverages.
      D)
      Instruct the client to take antibiotics until dysuria is no longer present.
    2. A nurse assesses a patient's understanding about nutrition after teaching a hospitalized patient with an acute diverticulitis flare. Which hospital menu selection made by the patient indicates the patient correctly understood the teaching?
      A)
      Turkey, lettuce, and whole-grain bread sandwich.
      B)
      Chicken soup broth, gelatin, and a clear sports drink.
      C)
      Spinach salad with low-fat dressing and iced tea.
      D)
      Oatmeal with maple syrup and low-fat milk.
    3. A nurse is caring for a patient who came to the emergency department with abdominal distention and is now on the medical-surgical unit with an NG tube in place to low gastric suction. The patient reports anxiety, discomfort, and a feeling of bloating. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
      A)
      Check to see if the suction equipment is working.
      B)
      Irrigate the NG tube with 100 mL of sterile water.
      C)
      Remove and reinsert the NG tube.
      D)
      Request a prescription for a medication to ease the patient's anxiety.
    4. A nurse is caring for a patient who has nephrotic syndrome and is receiving high-dose corticosteroid therapy. For which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse monitor?
      A)
      Hypokalemia.
      B)
      Hypermagnesemia.
      C)
      Hyperkalemia.
      D)
      Hypomagnesemia.
    Page 5 of 11

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse assesses a patient who is recovering from a subtotal thyroidectomy. On the first postoperative day before discharge, the patient states, "I feel numbness and tingling around my mouth.”. What action does the nurse take?
      A)
      Offer mouth care.
      B)
      Ask the patient orientation Questions.
      C)
      Assess for muscle twitching.
      D)
      Loosen the dressing.
    2. A nurse determines that a patient with diabetes mellitus and the following laboratory results is: Fasting blood glucose: 75 mg/dL. Postprandial blood glucose: 180 mg/dL. Hemoglobin A1c level: 5.5%.
      A)
      In good control of blood glucose.
      B)
      At increased risk for developing ketoacidosis.
      C)
      At increased risk for developing hyperglycemia.
      D)
      Demonstrating signs of insulin resistance.
    3. A nurse is teaching a group of middle-aged adult patients about early detection of colorectal cancer. The nurse should include the American Cancer Society recommendation that men and women beginning at age 50 who are at average risk should have a fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and a colonoscopy at which of the following intervals?
      A)
      Two years.
      B)
      One year.
      C)
      Five years.
      D)
      Ten years.
    4. A nurse is performing a comprehensive nutritional assessment for a patient. After reviewing the client's laboratory results, which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
      A)
      Thyroxine, T4, 9.2 mcg/dL.
      B)
      Albumin 2.1 g/dL.
      C)
      White blood cell count of 6,000/mm.
      D)
      Sodium 139 mEq/L.
    Page 6 of 11