Exam Review
- Two months after taking nitrofurantoin for a bacterial infection, a client reports the onset of severe, watery diarrhea to the home health nurse. How should the nurse respond?A)Determine if the full course of the initial prescription of medication was taken.B)Offer instructions about the use of an over-the-counter (OTC) antidiarrheal medication.C)Advise that the infection has returned and additional medication will be needed.D)Explain that the diarrhea may be an adverse effect that requires further evaluation.
- The healthcare provider prescribes propylthiouracil (PTU) and Lugol's solution, a strong iodine solution, for a client with hyperthyroidism. How should the nurse schedule the administration of these medications?A)Give parental dose once every 24 hours.B)Schedule both medications at bedtime.C)Offer both drugs together with a meal.D)Administer iodine one hour before PTU.
- The nurse is planning the home health care of a client who is receiving a mydriatic medication. Which environment is best for this client?A)A quiet, restful environment.B)A warm room temperature.C)Cool, humidified air.D)A dimly lit room.
- The nurse administers naloxone to a client with opioid-induced respiratory depression. One hour later, nursing assessment reveals that the client has a respiratory rate of 4 breaths/minute, oxygen saturation of 75%, and is unable to be aroused. Which action should the nurse implement?A)Initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).B)Administer a second dose of naloxone.C)Determine Glasgow Coma Scale score.D)Prepare to assist with chest tube insertion.
Exam Review
- Review the H&P, nurse's notes, flow sheet, and prescriptions below. For each assessment finding, mark whether it represents (A) a therapeutic result of the bisacodyl administered, (B) a non-therapeutic side effect, or (C) an unrelated finding. Orders: Hospitalization Day 1 — Admit to the surgical floor; regular diet; bedrest; vital signs every 4 hours; ibuprofen 800 mg PO every 8 hours for pain 1--3/10; morphine 1 mg IV every 4 hours for pain greater than 4/10; record daily intake and output. Hospitalization Day 4, 0800 — Bisacodyl 10 mg suppository rectally daily. History and Physical: 44-year-old female with multiple traumatic injuries from an assault (struck in the legs with a baseball bat); multiple leg fractures; wrist fracture; abrasions on the right arm; Buck's traction applied and stabilized. Flowsheet: Day 1 — Intake 1,800 mL, Output 1,680 mL, no bowel movement. Day 2 — Intake 2,000 mL, Output 2,100 mL, no bowel movement. Day 3 — Intake 1,900 mL, Output 1,900 mL, no bowel movement. Day 4, 0800 — Heart rate 74, respiratory rate 15, blood pressure 110/65. 0930 — Heart rate 104, respiratory rate 17, blood pressure 135/81. Nurses' Notes: Day 4, 0800 — Client on her right side; reports itching in her legs; pain 7/10; skin pink and well perfused around Buck's traction; morphine, ibuprofen, and bisacodyl given. 0930 — Semifluid stool, 400 mL; reports burning in the anus; itching on legs has increased; bed bath given; non-blanchable red area found on the right buttock near the anus; pain now 2/10; heart rhythm sinus tachycardia.A)Non-blanchable red areaB)Blood pressure 135/81 mm HgC)Burning sensationD)Semifluid stoolE)Itching in legsF)Pain rating 2 on pain scale of 0 to 10G)Sinus tachycardia
- The client reports to the nurse that the last time penicillin was prescribed a severe maculopapular rash appeared over the entire chest. Which information should the nurse provide the client regarding future antibiotic prescriptions?A)Monitor peak and trough levels whenever taking any antibiotic.B)Wear sun block and protective clothing to avoid exposure to sun.C)Watch daily urine output and weight gain while taking antibiotics.D)Be alert for possible cross-sensitivity to cephalosporin agents.
- A male client receives a scopolamine transdermal patch 2 hours before surgery. Four hours after surgery, the client tells the nurse that he is experiencing pain and asks why the patch is not working. Which action should the nurse take?A)Explain that the medication is not given to prevent pain.B)Offer to apply a new transdermal patch to relieve the pain.C)Check for correct placement of the patch behind the client's ear.D)Advise the client that the effects of the medication have worn off.
- A client with benign prostatic hyperplasia receives a new prescription of tamsulosin. Which intervention should the nurse perform to monitor for an adverse reaction?A)Monitor blood pressure.B)Obtain daily weights.C)Perform a bladder scan.D)Assess urine output.
Exam Review
- A client who weighs 91 kg receives a prescription for a continuous infusion of dopamine at 3 mcg/kg/min. The solution is labeled, "Dopamine 400 mg in 5% Dextrose Injection 250 mL." How many mL/hr should the nurse program the infusion pump to deliver?A)4.7 mL/hrB)10.2 mL/hrC)20.5 mL/hrD)40.9 mL/hr
- After receiving the third dose of a new oral anticoagulant prescription, an older adult client develops bleeding and tender gums and has many new bruises. Which actions should the nurse implement? Select all that apply.(SATA)A)Obtain a soft bristle toothbrush for client.B)Review most recent coagulation laboratory values.C)Complete a medication variance report.D)Provide a PRN NSAID for gum discomfort.E)Report findings to healthcare provider.
- A client who is taking dextroamphetamine-amphetamine extended-release tablets for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), reports about having difficulty sleeping at night. Which assessment is most important for the nurse to obtain?A)Inquire about perceived anxiety.B)Ask about the client's bedtime routine.C)Determine what time the dose is taken.D)Determine daily caffeine intake.
- A client who is newly diagnosed with diabetes insipidus (DI) is receiving a synthetic vasopressin IV. Which side effect of vasopressin reported by the client should the nurse report to the healthcare provider?A)Low urine specific gravity.B)Polyuria.C)Polydipsia.D)Worsening headache.
Exam Review
- The nurse is preparing a dose of ketorolac 12 mg intravenously using a 1 mL vial containing 30 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer?A)0.2 mLB)0.4 mLC)0.6 mLD)0.8 mL
- A client with neuroleptic malignant syndrome receives a prescription for dantrolene 1.5 mg/kg IV. The client weighs 132 pounds. The label on the 250 mg vial reads, "Reconstitute with 5 mL sterile water for injection, USP. Reconstitution yields 50 mg/mL." How many mL should the nurse administer?A)0.9 mLB)1.2 mLC)1.8 mLD)3.6 mL
- Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement for a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) who is receiving insulin lispro?A)Check blood glucose levels every six hours.B)Provide meals at the same time this insulin is given.C)Keep an oral liquid or glucose source available.D)Assess for hypoglycemia between meals.
- A child who weighs 30 kg is experiencing a grand mal seizure. The healthcare provider prescribes diazepam 0.3 mg/kg/dose IV STAT. The medication is available in 5 mg/mL vials. How many mL should the nurse administer?A)0.9 mLB)1.8 mLC)3.6 mLD)5.4 mL
Exam Review
- A client is receiving IV dextrose 5% in water (D5W) at 125 mL/hour and a secondary infusion of pantoprazole 40 mg IV daily. The pharmacy provides a 110 mL premixed solution of pantoprazole to be infused over 15 minutes. The nurse should program the secondary infusion to deliver how many mL/hour?A)220 mL/hrB)330 mL/hrC)440 mL/hrD)550 mL/hr
- The healthcare provider prescribes a liter of normal saline 0.9% to be infused over 9 hours for a client who is NPO. The nurse should program the infusion pump to deliver how many mL/hour?A)91 mL/hrB)100 mL/hrC)111 mL/hrD)125 mL/hr
- A client receives a prescription for allopurinol. Which information provided by the client requires additional instruction by the nurse?A)Consume 2 liters of water daily.B)Avoid taking on an empty stomach.C)Double the dose if a dose is missed.D)Reduce caffeine and acidic intake.
- A female client with a history of peptic ulcer disease receives a prescription for misoprostol. Which information provided by the client indicates to the nurse a need for further teaching?A)Ensure a negative pregnancy test result 2 weeks before therapy.B)Begin therapy 1 week before the next normal menstrual cycle.C)Use condoms and a backup method of birth control to prevent pregnancy.D)Call the healthcare provider immediately if there is a chance of conception.
Exam Review
- A client with eczema receives a prescription for betamethasone cream. Which client statement indicates to the nurse that further teaching is needed?A)Apply the cream to the area for 2 weeks.B)Limit exposure to direct sunlight.C)Use the cream only on intact skin.D)Cover the site with an occlusive dressing.
- An older adult client is receiving vancomycin for a hospital acquired infection (HAI). Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?A)Obtain a white blood count daily to determine response of infection.B)Report the acquired infection to the Medicare reimbursement office.C)Ensure that vancomycin peak and trough levels are prescribed.D)Assess the older adult client's physiological response to the antibiotic.
- A client is receiving one liter of D5W 0.45% normal saline IV every 8 hours by gravity infusion. The IV tubing has a drip factor of 12 gtt/mL. The nurse should regulate the IV to deliver how many drops per minute?A)17 gtt/minB)20 gtt/minC)25 gtt/minD)33 gtt/min
- A client with anemia secondary to chronic kidney disease (CKD) started a prescription for epoetin alfa two months ago. Which client finding best indicates that the medication is effective? (Reference range: Hemoglobin 14--18 g/dL.)A)Food diary shows increased consumption of iron-rich foods.B)Takes concurrent iron therapy without adverse effects.C)Hemoglobin level increased to 12 g/dL.D)Reports of increased energy levels and decreased fatigue.