NursGuru

    Exam Review

    1. Which of the following best describes the primary source of energy for Earth's climate system?
      A)
      Solar radiation
      B)
      Geothermal heat
      C)
      Tidal forces
      D)
      Human activities
    2. A client presents with a temperature of 100°F (37.8°C) and reports difficulty breathing. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
      A)
      Obtain arterial blood gases
      B)
      Suction to clear secretions from airway
      C)
      Offer a prescribed PRN analgesia
      D)
      Administer a prescribed antipyretic
    3. An older adult female client is hospitalized with a fractured femur. During a routine nursing assessment, she repeatedly asks the nurse to “speak up” so that she can hear the questions. Which action is best for the nurse to take?
      A)
      Over-enunciate word syllables
      B)
      Raise voice volume to a shout
      C)
      Decrease speaking speed
      D)
      Exaggerate nonverbal expressions
    4. A client with open-angle glaucoma asks the nurse how long the prescribed medication must be used. Which response by the nurse is accurate?
      A)
      Until a smaller angle can be restored
      B)
      For long-term control of normal eye pressure
      C)
      Until the excess pressure is reduced
      D)
      For long-term control of pain and swelling

    Exam Review

    1. A client receives a prescription for ophthalmic ketorolac. Prior to administering the medication, the nurse should review the electronic medical record for which condition?
      A)
      Foreign body
      B)
      Radiation exposure
      C)
      Chemical burn
      D)
      Corneal abrasion
    2. The nurse is performing a routine dressing change for a client with a stage 3 pressure injury that is red with significant granulation. The wound has a gauze dressing covering the area. Which action should the nurse implement?
      A)
      Replace the gauze with a transparent dressing
      B)
      Apply a hydrocolloid gel dressing
      C)
      Leave the dressing off until consulting with the healthcare provider
      D)
      Increase the frequency of the dressing changes
    3. A client has been administered lactulose for several days. Which therapeutic response should the nurse expect for a client with hepatic encephalopathy?
      A)
      Reduction in number of liquid stools
      B)
      Improved mental status
      C)
      Ability to ambulate independently
      D)
      Increase in urine output
    4. The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a group of well-educated clients who were found to be HIV positive within the last year. Members of the group express an interest in learning about the pathology of the AIDS virus. The nurse should explain that the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acts in which way to suppress the immune system?
      A)
      Deficiency in antibody production
      B)
      Destruction of helper T-cells and CD4 cells
      C)
      Proliferation of suppressor T-cells
      D)
      Increase in B-lymphocytes

    Exam Review

    1. A client with emphysema is reporting difficulty breathing and exhibiting audible wheezing. The nurse administers albuterol as prescribed for the third time within the last 12 hours. Which assessment finding warrants immediate intervention by the nurse?
      A)
      Throat irritation
      B)
      Uncontrollable shaking
      C)
      Irregular rapid heart rate
      D)
      Increased anxiety
    2. A client presents to the emergency department with acute abdominal pain and a provisional diagnosis of pancreatitis. The client reports nausea and vomiting from laboratory studies. Which information is most valuable in reporting the client’s status to the healthcare provider?
      A)
      Reports of chronic constipation and serum gastrin levels
      B)
      Serum Helicobacter pylori antibody results and urine output amounts
      C)
      Presence of bowel sounds and degree of abdominal pain
      D)
      Severity of nausea and vomiting and serum amylase results
    3. A client with psoriasis returns to the clinic reporting the persistence of several silvery, scaly areas on the elbows and palms that frequently burn and sometimes bleed. Which prescription should the nurse teach the client to use for the skin condition?
      A)
      Topical corticosteroids
      B)
      Topical analgesics
      C)
      Topical antibiotics
      D)
      Colloidal oatmeal-based lotion
    4. An adult client is admitted with AIDS and oral candidiasis manifested by several painful mouth ulcers. The nurse delegates oral care to the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) and discusses how to assist the client. Which instruction should the nurse provide the UAP?
      A)
      Assist with personal care but leave oral care for the nurse to complete
      B)
      Provide a soft-bristled toothbrush for the client to use during oral care
      C)
      Wear sterile gloves when cleansing any areas of infected mucosa
      D)
      Offer the client mouthwash after brushing teeth

    Exam Review

    1. The nurse is caring for a client who is taking diclofenac for rheumatoid arthritis. During a clinic visit, the client appears pale and reports increasing fatigue. Which of the client’s serum laboratory values is most important for the nurse to review?
      A)
      Hemoglobin
      B)
      Glucose
      C)
      Total protein
      D)
      Sodium
    2. Three days after a cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis, a female client reports persistent upper abdominal pain that radiates to her back. She has vomited three times in the last 12 hours and has a temperature of 101.8°F (38.7°C). Serum amylase and lipase are twice the normal value. Based on these findings, the nurse should observe the client for which pathophysiological condition?
      A)
      Hepatorenal failure
      B)
      Biliary duct obstruction
      C)
      Surgical site infection
      D)
      Acute pancreatitis
    3. An adolescent boy is admitted to the emergency department following a bee sting. He arrives with a body rash and 30 minutes later becomes short of breath. The nurse obtains vital signs with a blood pressure of 90/52 mm Hg, heart rate 130 beats/minute, and respiratory rate 40 breaths/minute. The client is exhibiting clinical manifestations of which type of immune reaction?
      A)
      IgE-mediated response
      B)
      Cell-mediated hypersensitivity
      C)
      Autoimmune response
      D)
      Type II hypersensitivity
    4. A client presents to the emergency department with muscle aches, headache, fever, and describes a recent loss of taste and smell. The nurse obtains a nasal swab for COVID-19 testing. Which action is most important for the nurse to take?
      A)
      Teach the client to wear a mask, hand wash, and social distance to prevent spreading the virus
      B)
      Counsel family members to monitor for illness symptoms for 2 weeks after last contact with patient
      C)
      Isolate the client from other clients, family, and healthcare workers not wearing proper personal protective equipment
      D)
      Report the COVID-19 result to the local health department according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines

    Exam Review

    1. The nurse is admitting a client with possible tuberculosis (TB). The client is placed in a private room with airborne precautions pending diagnostic test results. Which diagnostic test should the nurse review to confirm the diagnosis of TB?
      A)
      Hemoccult test on sputum collected from hemoptysis
      B)
      Chest x-ray or computerized tomography scan
      C)
      Sputum culture positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis
      D)
      Positive purified protein derivative skin test
    2. To assess the quality of an adult client’s pain, which approach should the nurse use?
      A)
      Provide a numeric pain scale
      B)
      Observe body language and movement
      C)
      Ask the client to describe the pain
      D)
      Identify effective pain relief measures
    3. The nurse is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who develops an onset of dyspnea and tachypnea with coughing. After positioning the client upright, which action should the nurse take next?
      A)
      Coach through using huff coughing
      B)
      Attach humidification to oxygen delivery
      C)
      Provide nebulizer breathing treatment
      D)
      Obtain a pulse oximetry reading
    4. A client with newly diagnosed Crohn’s disease asks the nurse about dietary restrictions. How should the nurse respond?
      A)
      Instruct the client to avoid foods with gluten, such as wheat bread
      B)
      Explain that the need to restrict fluids is the primary limitation
      C)
      Describe the use of an elimination diet to find trigger foods
      D)
      Advise the client to limit foods that are high in calcium and iron

    Exam Review

    1. The nurse is planning care for a client with a direct (sliding) hiatal hernia. Nursing actions should be planned to meet which goal?
      A)
      Promote effective swallowing
      B)
      Prevent esophageal reflux
      C)
      Maintain intact oral mucosa
      D)
      Increase intestinal peristalsis
    2. A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease receives a new prescription for an ipratropium inhaler. Which action indicates to the nurse that additional teaching is needed?
      A)
      Primes the inhaler with 7 pumps
      B)
      Attaches spacer device to the inhaler
      C)
      Stores the medication at room temperature
      D)
      Rinses the mouth after each use
    3. The nurse is caring for a client who has been admitted with a diagnosis of esophageal cancer. The client reports a pain level of 8 on a 0 to 10 scale, dysphagia, anorexia, anxiety, and a hoarse voice. Which nursing problem is the priority for this client?
      A)
      Imbalanced nutrition less than body requirements
      B)
      Risk for aspiration related to difficulty swallowing
      C)
      Anxiety and grieving related to progression of disease
      D)
      Chronic pain related to tissue destruction by tumor
    4. Which intervention should the nurse implement to manage a client’s fluid and electrolyte balance?
      A)
      Monitor daily urine output volume
      B)
      Use salt tablets after strenuous exercise
      C)
      Review food labels for sodium content
      D)
      Drink plenty of water whenever thirsty