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    Exam Review

    1. A nurse is monitoring urine output in a 14-year-old patient weighing 53 kg. What is the expected urine output over a 24-hour period?
      A)
      590 mL
      B)
      384 mL
      C)
      1272 mL
      D)
      1960 mL
    2. Which of the following behaviors best demonstrates a child in Piaget's Sensorimotor Stage?
      A)
      Solving a math problem using logical reasoning
      B)
      Using a block as a pretend phone
      C)
      Searching for a toy hidden under a blanket
      D)
      Describing future goals and aspirations
    3. Which statements reflect appropriate health promotion and safety strategies for adolescents? Select all that apply.
      (SATA)
      A)
      Teach stress management and suicide prevention
      B)
      Engage in conversations about safe internet practices
      C)
      Use seat belts and follow traffic rules
      D)
      Educate on substance abuse and peer pressure resistance
      E)
      Only perform mental health screenings when a caregiver is present
    4. Which statements reflect appropriate IV fluid bolus practices in pediatric care? Select all that apply.
      (SATA)
      A)
      Administer 20 mL/kg of isotonic fluid
      B)
      Use hypotonic fluids for rapid volume expansion
      C)
      Use normal saline or lactated Ringer's
      D)
      Infuse over 5–30 minutes
      E)
      Avoid fluid boluses in dehydration
    Page 1 of 8

    Exam Review

    1. A 9-year-old child participates in team sports, completes homework independently, and enjoys learning new skills. Which Eriksonian stage does this behavior best represent?
      A)
      Industry vs. Inferiority
      B)
      Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
      C)
      Identity vs. Role Confusion
      D)
      Initiative vs. Industry
    2. Which of the following is a hallmark of Piaget's Preoperational Stage?
      A)
      Solving puzzles with multiple steps
      B)
      Understanding conservation of volume
      C)
      Attributing feelings to inanimate objects
      D)
      Using logical reasoning to solve problems
    3. Which behaviors indicate that a preschooler is meeting psychosocial milestones in Erikson's stage of Initiative vs. Guilt? Select all that apply.
      (SATA)
      A)
      Expresses emotions appropriately and shows empathy
      B)
      Shows excessive guilt when trying new things
      C)
      Has frequent emotional outbursts and struggles with empathy
      D)
      Makes friends and shows independence in activities
      E)
      Plays cooperatively and shares with peers
    4. Which statements reflect appropriate health promotion and safety strategies for preschoolers? Select all that apply.
      (SATA)
      A)
      Use stove guards and keep hot liquids away from counters
      B)
      Ensure playground structures are age appropriate
      C)
      Provide storybooks with engaging illustrations
      D)
      Skip annual physical exams until school age unless the caregiver has a concern
      E)
      Leave preschoolers unattended near water for short periods so they can
    Page 2 of 8

    Exam Review

    1. A nurse asks a 15-year-old to explain how skipping study sessions could affect their exam grade and future college plans. The teen responds with a thoughtful explanation. Which cognitive characteristic is the teen demonstrating?
      A)
      Thinking beyond the present
      B)
      Egocentrism
      C)
      Transductive reasoning
      D)
      Conservation
    2. Which statements reflect appropriate health promotion strategies for infants? Select all that apply.
      (SATA)
      A)
      Use rear-facing car seats until age 2
      B)
      Introduce solids around 4 months
      C)
      Provide picture books with simple text
      D)
      Schedule pediatric visits at 3, 6, and 9 months only
      E)
      Never leave an infant unattended during bathing
    3. Which behaviors indicate that a school-age child is meeting psychosocial milestones in Erikson's stage of Industry vs. Inferiority? Select all that apply.
      A)
      Avoids interaction with peers
      B)
      Expresses emotions appropriately and shows empathy
      C)
      Makes friends and shows independence
      D)
      Feels inferior and avoids challenges
      E)
      Participates in group activities
    4. A nurse observes a 10-month-old infant who becomes calm when held by a familiar caregiver and smiles during play. According to Erikson's psychosocial theory, which stage is the infant successfully demonstrating?
      A)
      Industry vs. Inferiority
      B)
      Initiative vs. Guilt
      C)
      Trust vs. Mistrust
      D)
      Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
    Page 3 of 8

    Exam Review

    1. A pediatric patient receiving IV morphine begins to experience pruritus. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention?
      A)
      Administer a PRN antihistamine and consider rotating the opioid
      B)
      Increase the opioid dose to manage discomfort associated with pruritus
      C)
      Switch to a non-opioid regimen only
      D)
      Discontinue the opioid immediately
    2. A nurse is assessing a 9-month-old infant who does not search for a toy after it is hidden under a blanket. Which developmental milestone is the infant not meeting?
      A)
      Social interaction
      B)
      Emotional regulation
      C)
      Cause and effect
      D)
      Object permanence
    3. A nurse is preparing to assess pain in a 6-year-old child who is alert and verbal. Which of the following is the most appropriate way to use the FACES pain scale?
      A)
      Use the scale only if the child is crying or visibly distressed
      B)
      Observe the child's facial expressions and assign a score
      C)
      Ask the child to point to the face that best shows how they feel
      D)
      Ask the parent to choose the face that best represents the child's pain
    4. A preschooler uses a stick as a magic wand while playing. Which cognitive characteristic is the child demonstrating?
      A)
      Egocentrism
      B)
      Symbolic thought
      C)
      Animism
      D)
      Transductive reasoning
    Page 4 of 8

    Exam Review

    1. Which of the following behaviors indicate that a 6-month-old infant is meeting expected developmental milestones? Select all that apply.
      A)
      Builds a two-block tower
      B)
      Transfers objects between hands
      C)
      Creeps and stands with assistance
      D)
      Grasps objects
      E)
      Rolls over
    2. A child receiving scheduled opioid doses for post-operative pain is experiencing moderate respiratory depression. What is the nurse's best action?
      A)
      Switch to oral acetaminophen only
      B)
      Titrate down the opioid dose and monitor respiratory status
      C)
      Administer naloxone immediately
      D)
      Stop the opioid and call a rapid response
    3. Which behaviors indicate that a toddler is meeting psychosocial milestones in Erikson's stage of Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt? Select all that apply.
      A)
      Expresses emotions appropriately and begins to self-soothe
      B)
      Explores independently but returns to caregivers for reassurance
      C)
      Has frequent tantrums and struggles to manage emotions
      D)
      Avoids interaction with peers
      E)
      Engages in parallel play and starts to share toys
    4. A nurse observes a 2-year-old child flipping a light switch repeatedly and watching the light turn on and off. Which cognitive characteristic is the child demonstrating?
      A)
      Animism
      B)
      Egocentrism
      C)
      Awareness of causal relationships
      D)
      Symbolic thought
    Page 5 of 8

    Exam Review

    1. A 4-year-old hospitalized child begins crying quietly, refuses food and medication, and has regressed in toilet training. Which psychosocial effect is the child most likely experiencing?
      A)
      Loss of control
      B)
      Anger
      C)
      Separation anxiety
      D)
      Fear
    2. An adolescent hospitalized for surgery appears confident but frequently questions the care plan and refuses medications. What is the most likely cause of this behavior?
      A)
      Lack of understanding
      B)
      Fear of pain
      C)
      Anger toward caregivers
      D)
      Desire for independence
    3. A nurse asks a 7-year-old child to explain why two glasses with different shapes contain the same amount of liquid. The child correctly explains that the volume is unchanged. Which cognitive characteristic is the child demonstrating?
      A)
      Transductive reasoning
      B)
      Conservation
      C)
      Magical thinking
      D)
      Egocentrism
    4. Which statements reflect appropriate health promotion and safety strategies for school-age children? Select all that apply.
      A)
      Educate about substance abuse and emergency plans
      B)
      Allow internet access if they promise to follow safety guidelines
      C)
      Use helmets and seat belts during physical activities
      D)
      Teach children to look both ways before crossing the street
      E)
      Skip annual physical exams until adolescence
    Page 6 of 8