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    Exam Review

    1. Which part of the brain is involved in keeping a person awake?
      A)
      The cerebellum
      B)
      The amygdala
      C)
      The reticular activating system
      D)
      The hypothalamus
    2. Which prominent psychologist of the humanistic movement theorized that people can improve themselves using free will and self-determination?
      A)
      Albert Bandura
      B)
      Carl Rogers
      C)
      BF Skinner
      D)
      Sigmund Freud
    3. How would a learning theorist characterize a phobia of speaking in public?
      A)
      As a classically conditioned behavior
      B)
      As a visually learned behavior
      C)
      As an operantly conditioned behavior
      D)
      As a kinesthetically learned behavior
    4. Which psychoanalytical concept describes the belief that one controls one's destiny?
      A)
      Internal locus of control
      B)
      Observational learning
      C)
      Learned hopefulness
      D)
      External locus of control
    Page 1 of 16

    Exam Review

    1. Why does behavioral genetics include the study of both genetic and environmental traits?
      A)
      Genes and the environment interact to create expressions of behavior
      B)
      Natural selection determines how well humans will adapt to their surroundings.
      C)
      Peer and familial influences are crucial for determining behavior
      D)
      Genes predict the majority of human environmental behavior
    2. A teenager is shopping for a present for her mom, when she realizes she does not have enough money for the gift she wants to purchase. She thinks about different solutions to this problem. Based on Freud's concepts of the id, the ego, and the superego, what might be something her id would tell her about how to solve this problem?
      A)
      "Save some more money so you can afford it in a couple of weeks."
      B)
      "Buy a different gift now and buy this gift later for her birthday when you have more money"
      C)
      "Take the merchandise without paying so you have the perfect gift for your mom
      D)
      "Don't steal it, you might get caught.”
    3. Which approach to personality theory emphasizes the fulfillment of people's potential?
      A)
      Psychodynamic
      B)
      Humanistic
      C)
      Social-cognitive
      D)
      Behavioral
    4. According to Hans Eysenck, what is a characteristic of people with neuroticism tendencies?
      A)
      They expect a positive outcome
      B)
      They enjoy large social interactions.
      C)
      They lose touch with reality
      D)
      They worry about insignificant details
    Page 2 of 16

    Exam Review

    1. What is an area of psychological analysis that involves the activity, structure, and properties of the organ itself?
      A)
      Adaptation
      B)
      The level of the group
      C)
      Humanistic psychology
      D)
      The level of the brain
    2. Which statement about negative reinforcement is most accurate?
      A)
      Negative reinforcement involves the use of innate responses
      B)
      Negative reinforcement results in the avoidance of the enforcer
      C)
      Negative reinforcement increases target behavior
      D)
      Negative reinforcement is used to reduce target behaviors.
    3. Which statement about operant and classical conditioning is most accurate?
      A)
      Both depend on observable stimuli and responses
      B)
      They are competing concepts, and each is equally effective in explaining the same learned behavior
      C)
      Classical conditioning is more applicable to nonhuman behavior and operant conditioning to human behavior
      D)
      Both focus on learned responses to fear
    4. According to Pavlov, what would cause someone to have a phobia of the color green?
      A)
      Having frightening memories located in the subconscious, which is represented by the color green
      B)
      Previously encountering something terrifying that involved the color green
      C)
      Experiencing a brain injury that resulted in a distorted perception of the color green
      D)
      Having very little exposure to the color green as a young child but repeated exposure to other colors
    Page 3 of 16

    Exam Review

    1. A student is trying to remember an equation while taking a math test. Which aspect of memory does the student's effort illustrate?
      A)
      Retaining
      B)
      Encoding
      C)
      Categorizing
      D)
      Retrieving
    2. Which structure in the brain releases chemicals between neurons?
      A)
      Dendrites
      B)
      Axons
      C)
      Terminal buttons
      D)
      The cell body
    3. Dopamine, GABA and acetylcholine are chemicals released by a presynaptic neuran that bind to post-synaptic neurons. Which term defines the chemicals in this role?
      A)
      Neurosignallers
      B)
      Neurotransmitters
      C)
      Neurohormones
      D)
      Neuroemitters
    4. Which structure is closely associated with the regulation of blood sugar?
      A)
      Pancreas
      B)
      Hypothalamus
      C)
      Parathyroid
      D)
      Thyroid
    Page 4 of 16

    Exam Review

    1. You are driving down a country road and pass a farm. You begin to smell the cattle lot. The smell is offensive to you. Which process makes the odor offensive?
      A)
      Perception
      B)
      Transduction
      C)
      Sublimation
      D)
      Sensation
    2. Which statement describes population in regards to research design?
      A)
      Population is the term used when the number is small
      B)
      The population is a representation of the sample
      C)
      The population includes all those the researcher wishes to study
      D)
      Population is the term used when the study involves a large number of participants
    3. What is the function of the thalamus?
      A)
      It regulates incoming and outgoing messages
      B)
      It serves as a link between parts in the nervous system.
      C)
      It helps move the body toward sleep
      D)
      It controls balance and movement
    4. Why has the American Psychological Association (APA) implemented ethical guidelines for psychologists who conduct research?
      A)
      To ensure that participants are compensated monetarily for their involvement in research
      B)
      To ensure that researchers use the best methods
      C)
      To ensure that the data collected will always be available publicly
      D)
      To ensure that participants rights and safety are protected
    Page 5 of 16

    Exam Review

    1. According to neuroscience, what causes depression?
      A)
      Changes in brain chemistry
      B)
      Faulty perceptions about self
      C)
      Suppressed aggressive drives
      D)
      Learned responses
    2. Which theory is associated with Sigmund Freud?
      A)
      Functional
      B)
      Humanism
      C)
      Multiculturalism
      D)
      Psychodynamic
    3. Abraham Maslow studied healthy creative people in his study of personal
      A)
      From these studies, what did he theorize that people are motivated
      B)
      Hierarchy of needs leading to self-actualization Societal support leading to self-responsibility
      C)
      Community awards leading to positive self-esteem
      D)
      Principles of humanism leading to self-awareness
    4. Which statement describes population in regards to research design?
      A)
      Population is the term used when the number is small
      B)
      The population is a representation of the sample
      C)
      The population includes all those the researcher wishes to study
      D)
      Population is the term used when the study involves a large number of participants.
    Page 6 of 16