1
Which hormone causes water retention by increasing sodium reabsorption?
A. ErythropoietinB. AldosteroneC. CalcitoninD. Antidiuretic hormone
Pathophysiology Proctored ExamPathophysiology Proctored Exam
61 questions · Page 1 of 3
Pathophysiology Proctored Exam is a nursing-school practice exam with 61 questions. It is written for nursing students preparing for this course exam and for NCLEX-style review. Every question has its own page showing the full stem, all answer options, the correct answer, and a written rationale explaining why each option is right or wrong.
Topics covered on this page: Pathophysiology Proctored Exam.
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Start Practice ExamQuestions 1–25 of 61
2
Stress incontinence may be best described as:
A. Loss of urine associated with the inability to reaB. Continuous dribbling of urine due to bladder overdC. Leakage of urine due to increased intra-abdominal D. Involuntary urination that occurs during deep slee
Pathophysiology Proctored Exam3
The term "hematuria" is used to refer to urine that contains
A. AlbuminB. GlucoseC. ProteinD. Blood
Pathophysiology Proctored Exam4
Signs and symptoms of a lower urinary tract infection may include which of the following? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
A. Flank painB. Urgent sensation to urinateC. FeverD. Dysuria
Pathophysiology Proctored Exam5
Anemia may occur with end-stage renal failure due to::
A. Decreased kidney production of erythropoietin.B. Increased hemoglobin levels in the blood.C. Decreased red blood cell destruction.D. Increased glomerular filtration in the kidneys.
Pathophysiology Proctored Exam6
The condition of having calculi (stones) in the urinary tract is known as
A. UrolithiasisB. PyelonephritisC. UrethritisD. Cystitis
Pathophysiology Proctored Exam7
Urolithiasis is often characterized by:
A. Intermittent severe flank pain.B. Decreased heart rate.C. Abdominal pain that improves with eating.D. Gradual onset of bilateral leg pain.
Pathophysiology Proctored Exam8
Which factor most contributes to recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in older men?
A. High urine pHB. Urine retention due to an enlarged prostateC. Use of cotton underwearD. Increased fluid intake
Pathophysiology Proctored Exam9
Functions of the skin include: (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
A. Production of red blood cells.B. Assisting with control of body temperature.C. Acting as a first line of defense against pathogenD. Prevention of excessive fluid loss.
Pathophysiology Proctored Exam10
Which condition is characterized by white hair and skin along with reduced or absent eye pigmentation due to a lack of melanin?
A. MelasmaB. VitiligoC. AlbinismD. Psoriasis
Pathophysiology Proctored Exam11
A fissure is best described as a:
A. Slightly elevated lesion with a flat surface.B. Thin-walled, fluid-filled lesion.C. Small and firm lesion of the skin.D. Linear crack in skin tissue.
Pathophysiology Proctored Exam12
Which term is used to identify an elevated, erythematous lesion that contains purulent exudate (pus).
A. MaculeB. PustuleC. PapuleD. Nodule
Pathophysiology Proctored Exam13
Chronic inflammation of the skin with increased sensitivity to irritants, such as soaps, certain fabrics, or changes in temperature and humidity is called:
A. Ringworm.B. Eczema.C. Psoriasis.D. Impetigo
Pathophysiology Proctored Exam14
What statement best describes the pathophysiology of psoriasis?
A. Bacterial overgrowth of highly contagious S. aureuB. Abnormal T-cell activation leading to excessive grC. Sensitization on first exposure to an allergen witD. Latent virus becomes reactivated by infection or s
Pathophysiology Proctored Exam15
Psoriasis is characterized by:
A. Scattered areas of hypopigmentation of the skin.B. Ruptured vesicles with yellowish-brown crusts.C. Silvery scales covering red patches of skin.D. Round papules with clear centers scattered over th
Pathophysiology Proctored Exam16
Which of the following is a type of skin cancer that is likely to metastasize if not treated early?
A. Basal cell carcinomaB. MelanomaC. Squamous cell carcinomaD. Actinic keratosis
Pathophysiology Proctored Exam17
Considering the "ABCD" signs of melanoma, which off the following would be most concerning?
A. A mole that is smaller than 6 mmB. A mole that resembles all other moles on the bodyC. A mole with multiple colorsD. A mole with symmetrical borders
Pathophysiology Proctored Exam18
Warning signs of skin cancer may include: (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
A. Development of an odd-shaped lesion or new mole.B. A lesion that does not heal.C. A change in the shape, color, or size of a mole.D. Freckles that darken slightly with sun exposure.
Pathophysiology Proctored Exam19
Burns involving only the epidermis, leading to pain and redness without the presence of blisters, are classified as burns.
A. Third-degree (full-thickness)B. Second-degree (partial thickness)C. Fourth-degree (full-thickness)D. First-degree (superficial)
Pathophysiology Proctored Exam20
Which of the following statements about burns is true?
A. First-degree (superficial) burns result in blisterB. Fourth-degree (full-thickness) burns involve all sC. Second-degree (partial thickness) burns are painleD. Third-degree (full-thickness) burns do not extend
Pathophysiology Proctored Exam21
Using the image provided, calculate the total body surface area (TBSA) involved if an individual sustains burns to the body as follows: Entire front of torso Entire right arm Front of right leg Face a
A. 31.5 %B. 40.5 %C. 49.5 %D. 36 %
Pathophysiology Proctored Exam22
Which of the following signs indicate that an individual may have suffered smoke inhalation injuries from a fire? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
A. Burn to left legB. WheezingC. Singed nose hairsD. Black-tinged sputum
Pathophysiology Proctored Exam23
Excessive fluid loss and decreased blood volume following a severe burn may lead to:
A. Diabetes.B. Hypovolemic shock.C. PneumoniaD. Heart failure.
Pathophysiology Proctored Exam24
Severe edema occurs in individuals with large burn injuries due to:
A. Increased capillary permeability.B. Decreased metabolism of carbohydrates.C. Decreased hematocrit in the blood.D. Increased circulating blood volume.
Pathophysiology Proctored Exam25
Burn injuries increase an individual's risk of infection due to:
A. Increased oxygen delivery to the tissues.B. Decreased body temperature.C. Increased production of white blood cells.D. Loss of the protective skin barrier.
Pathophysiology Proctored Exam