HESI RN Patho Pharmacology Proctored Exam

A client received midazolam 2 mg and morphine sulfate 4 mg for a liver biopsy. After the procedure, the nurse positions the client on the right side and monitors the vital signs. Which is the physiolo

A male client with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) develops a gangrenous toe and is admitted for possible amputation. Which pathophysiological consequence of DM has contributed to this client's complica

An older male reports to the clinic nurse that he sometimes feels chest pressure and becomes breathless. He further describes an event where he had to sit for about one hour before he felt better. He

A postmenopausal client presenting to the clinic with describing abdominal pain and an episode of unexplained vaginal Nearing receives a Pap smear (Papanicolaou test). Which medical history informatio

Two days after admission for an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), an older client's arterial blood gas (ABC) indicate an acid base imbalance. The client's laboratory result

A client is being treated for a gastric ulcer caused by Heliobacter pylori. The nurse should prepare the client for long term follow-up to which associated problem?

The nurse is caring for a client with stage 4 chronic kidney disease. Which interpretation should the nurse make about the client's glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?

Which statement is true regarding myocardial functioning in the normal heart, based upon the Frank Starling law?

Which statement is true regarding myocardial functioning in the normal heart, based upon the Frank Starling law?

The nurse is caring for a young adult who reports uncontrolled acne vulgaris. Which pathological findings should the nurse observe on inspection of skin areas commonly affected in acne vulgaris?

The nurse is caring for a client who experienced multiple invasive trauma from a motor vehicle collision and has developed systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Which pathophysiological proc

A client's ankle is edematous after an ankle sprain. Which physiological mechanism is responsible for the swelling?

The nurse is preparing a female client with Addison's disease for self-care afi.4 discharge. Which is the pathophysiological basis to support the need for the client to carry a cortisol kit at all tim

After the nurse obtains a blood sample from a client's right radial arterial client reports a sudden onset of pain at the arterial line insertion site. The nurse recognizes which physiological effect

The nurse assesses the wound of a client who received sutures for a laceration of the hand two days ago. Which finding is a normal inflammatory response?

The nurse is triaging a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus who presented to the emergency department with increased lethargy and Kussmaul respirations. A blood glucose test reveals a level of 525 mg

In caring for an infant after circumcision, the nurse observes continued bleeding from the site and suspects hemophilia. Which hematological components are insufficient causing bleeding if hemophilia

The development of atherosclerosis is a process of sequential events. Arrange the pathophysiological events in order of occurrence. Place the first event on top, and the last on the bottom.

A male client with a massive pulmonary embolus is tachycardic, hypotensive, and has audible bilateral pulmonary crackles. His arterial blood gas (ABG) results are: pH 7.0: PaCO, 66 mm Fig; HCO3- 24 mE

During an interview with a male client who has Parkinson's disease (PD), the nurse notices that he is drooling and mumbling. Which pathophysiological factor contributes to the client's inability to ex

Following 2 motor vehicle collision, an adult client is brought to the emergency department with a blood pressure of 72/50 mm Hg and a blood volume loss of approximately 40%. The nurse should plan car

A client reports experiencing blurry central vision that has recently worsened. Which pathological process supports the client's subjective report?

How are Type IV hypersensitivity reactions different from all other types (I, II, or III) of hypersentivity reactions?

A large tree fell across the thighs of a man who works as a logger, producing a crushing injury. The muddy ground cushioned the impact and x-rays revealed no broken bones. His thighs are bruised and s

A client with diabetes mellitus develops an ulcer on the bottom of the foot. Which pathology is the primary contributing factor to the ability of the ulcer to heal?